砌块

在化学领域，砌块或分子砌块是具有活性官能团的虚拟分子片段或真实的分子。^[1]砌块可用于特定分子结构的“自下而上”组装，并在纳米颗粒、^[2]^[3]金属有机框架材料、^[4]有机分子、^[5]超分子体系^[6]的构筑中有所应用，使用砌块可确保得到所需的最终产物或分子/超分子体系。^[7]

参考文献

^ H.H. Szmant. Organic Building Blocks of the Chemical Industry. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1989.
^ L. Zang; Y. Che; J.S. Moore. One-Dimensional Self-Assembly of Planar π-Conjugated Molecules: Adaptable Building Blocks for Organic Nanodevices. Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41 (12): 1596–1608. PMID 18616298. doi:10.1021/ar800030w.
^ J.M.J. Fréchet. Dendrimers and other dendritic macromolecules: From building blocks to functional assemblies in nanoscience and nanotechnology. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem. 2003, 41 (23): 3713–3725. Bibcode:2003JPoSA..41.3713F. doi:10.1002/pola.10952  .
^ O. K. Farha; C. D. Malliakas; M.G. Kanatzidis; J.T. Hupp. Control over Catenation in Metal−Organic Frameworks via Rational Design of the Organic Building Block. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132 (3): 950–952. PMID 20039671. doi:10.1021/ja909519e.
^ Garcia, J. C.; Justo, J. F.; Machado, W. V. M.; Assali, L. V. C. Functionalized adamantane: building blocks for nanostructure self-assembly. Phys. Rev. B. 2009, 80 (12): 125421. Bibcode:2009PhRvB..80l5421G. arXiv:1204.2884  . doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.80.125421.
^ A.J. Cairns; J.A. Perman; L. Wojtas; V.Ch. Kravtsov; M.H. Alkordi; M.Eddaoudi; M.J. Zaworotko. Supermolecular Building Blocks (SBBs) and Crystal Design: 12-Connected Open Frameworks Based on a Molecular Cubohemioctahedron. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130 (5): 1560–1561. PMID 18186639. doi:10.1021/ja078060t.
^ R.S. Tu; M. Tirrell. Bottom-up design of biomimetic assemblies. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2004, 56 (11): 1537–1563. PMID 15350288. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.047.

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[1] H.H. Szmant. Organic Building Blocks of the Chemical Industry. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1989.

[2] L. Zang; Y. Che; J.S. Moore. One-Dimensional Self-Assembly of Planar π-Conjugated Molecules: Adaptable Building Blocks for Organic Nanodevices. Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41 (12): 1596–1608. PMID 18616298. doi:10.1021/ar800030w.

[3] J.M.J. Fréchet. Dendrimers and other dendritic macromolecules: From building blocks to functional assemblies in nanoscience and nanotechnology. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem. 2003, 41 (23): 3713–3725. Bibcode:2003JPoSA..41.3713F. doi:10.1002/pola.10952  .

[4] O. K. Farha; C. D. Malliakas; M.G. Kanatzidis; J.T. Hupp. Control over Catenation in Metal−Organic Frameworks via Rational Design of the Organic Building Block. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132 (3): 950–952. PMID 20039671. doi:10.1021/ja909519e.

[5] Garcia, J. C.; Justo, J. F.; Machado, W. V. M.; Assali, L. V. C. Functionalized adamantane: building blocks for nanostructure self-assembly. Phys. Rev. B. 2009, 80 (12): 125421. Bibcode:2009PhRvB..80l5421G. arXiv:1204.2884  . doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.80.125421.

[6] A.J. Cairns; J.A. Perman; L. Wojtas; V.Ch. Kravtsov; M.H. Alkordi; M.Eddaoudi; M.J. Zaworotko. Supermolecular Building Blocks (SBBs) and Crystal Design: 12-Connected Open Frameworks Based on a Molecular Cubohemioctahedron. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130 (5): 1560–1561. PMID 18186639. doi:10.1021/ja078060t.

[7] R.S. Tu; M. Tirrell. Bottom-up design of biomimetic assemblies. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2004, 56 (11): 1537–1563. PMID 15350288. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.047.

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