定向鑽孔

定向鑽孔（英語：directional drilling）是钻孔在施工時，随着深度的增加，变化钻孔倾角，達到以設計的角度穿过目標層位^[1] 。定向鑽孔的施工技术复杂，设计前要有足够的地质资料，如岩层厚度、深度、倾角、硬度变化等^[2] 。定向鑽井有以下幾個目的：增加儲層在钻孔長度的暴露，和增加采收率。不能用垂直钻孔施工地區，例如城鎮、湖泊或其他難以施工的地面。定向鑽孔能集中地表井口位置，減少工地干擾或鑽機移動、並增加經濟效益^[1]。例如，在一個海上钻井平台，可钻40口井或更多井。從而降低成本。鑽“洩壓井”可以釋放噴井管綫的壓力，然後鑽“減壓井”，將重質流體泵入以抑制噴井高壓^[3]。

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 "Development tendency of horizontal directional drilling". DC Solid control. 6 June 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2013
^ "Maersk drills longest well at Al Shadeen". The Gulf Times. 21 May 2008. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 5 March 2012
^ Julia Cauble Smith (12 June 2010). "East Texas Oilfield". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 23 September 2014

[”Development”-1] 1.0 ^1.1 "Development tendency of horizontal directional drilling". DC Solid control. 6 June 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2013

[”Maersk”-2] "Maersk drills longest well at Al Shadeen". The Gulf Times. 21 May 2008. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 5 March 2012

[”-3] Julia Cauble Smith (12 June 2010). "East Texas Oilfield". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 23 September 2014

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