敘利亞伊斯蘭起義
叙利亚伊斯兰起义是1976年至1982年期間由逊尼派伊斯兰主义者發起的反阿薩德政權暴動。他們試圖推翻阿薩德政權並在叙利亚建立伊斯兰共和国。 [1]他們在叙利亚各地罢工、抗议。 [2] 還有伊斯蘭民兵袭击敘利亞阿拉伯陸軍基地,并暗殺敘利亞复兴党干部、军官、苏联军事顾问和與阿萨德家族密切的人員。 [3][4][5]敘利亞阿拉伯陸軍也對暴動人士展開報復。 [6] 為了打擊暴動人士,阿薩德政權發動了哈马大屠杀。 [6][7]
参考文献
- ^ Seale (1989).
- ^ Key events in Syria 1946–2010. Encyclopædia Britannica. (原始内容存档于4 August 2016).
- ^ Ismael, Quiades. The Hama Massacre – February 1982. SciencesPo. 22 December 2009. (原始内容存档于3 November 2020).
- ^ Nina Wiedl, Kathrin. The Hama Massacre – reasons, supporters of the rebellion, consequences. GRIN Verlag. 2006: 23. ISBN 978-3-638-56770-1.
- ^ Like Father, Like Son – Tyranny in Syria, A Massacre in Hama. Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. 11 June 2015. (原始内容存档于16 May 2016).
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Lefèvre (2013).
- ^ Sufism and Sufi Brotherhoods in Syria and Palestine. ou.edu.
- Conduit, Dara. The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria. Cambridge University Press. 2019. ISBN 978-1-108-49977-4.
- Carré, Olivier; Michaud, Gérard. Les Frères musulmans: Egypte et Syrie (1928–1982). Paris: Gallimard. 1983.
- Lefèvre, Raphaël. Ashes of Hama: the Muslim Brotherhood in Syria. New York: Oxford University Press. 2013. ISBN 978-0-19-936545-6. OCLC 867049938.
- Lefèvre, Raphaël. The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood’s Alawi Conundrum. The Alawis of Syria: War, Faith and Politics in the Levant. Oxford University Press. 2015. ISBN 978-0-19-045811-9.
- Seale, Patrick. Asad of Syria: the struggle for the Middle East 1st. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1989. ISBN 0-520-06667-7. OCLC 19130614.