維珍尼亞·阿普伽
維珍尼亞·阿普伽(英語:Virginia Apgar, 1909年6月7日—1974年8月7日),美國醫生,專科麻醉及兒科。她是麻醉學及畸形學的領先學者,被認為是新生嬰兒科的始創人。她发明的阿普伽新生兒評分是全球最廣泛使用的新生兒評估方法,此法大幅減少嬰兒死亡率,亦令阿氏廣為人知。
維珍尼亞·阿普伽 Virginia Apgar | |
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出生 | 美國新澤西州韋斯特菲爾德 | 1909年6月7日
逝世 | 1974年8月7日 美國紐約州紐約曼哈頓 | (65歲)
生平
1929年畢業於曼荷蓮學院,1933年哥倫比亞大學醫學院畢業,1949年成為該院正教授。 [1] 1959年,於約翰·霍普金斯大學獲公共衞生學碩士。
1953年首次推出阿普伽新生兒評分,用作快速為新生兒評估健康狀況。
阿普伽是哥大醫學院首名女教授,在很長時間內亦是唯一的女教授。阿氏無結婚,1974年8月7日病逝於哥大醫院。
紀念
参考文献
- ^ Women in Medicine Exhibit Resources 互联网档案馆的存檔,存档日期2006-09-01.
- ^ 維珍尼亞阿普伽醫師 109 歲冥誕. [2018-08-25]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-28).
- Pearce, J M S, Virginia Apgar (1909-1974): neurological evaluation of the newborn infant., Eur. Neurol. 54 (3), 2005, 54 (3): 132–42005 [2008-12-03], doi:10.1159/000089084, PMID:16244485, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Goodwin, James W, A personal recollection of Virginia Apgar., Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstétrique et gynécologie du Canada : JOGC 24 (3), 2002, 24 (3): 248–92002 Mar [2008-12-03], PMID:12585247, (原始内容存档于2019-12-02)
- Goldman, R; Blickstein, I, [Dr. Virginia Apgar--1909-1974], Harefuah 140 (2), 2001, 140 (2): 177–82001 Feb [2008-12-03], PMID:11242930, (原始内容存档于2019-12-02)
- Mazana Casanova, J S, [Virginia Apgar and her postnatal test half a century later], An. Esp. Pediatr. 53 (5), 2000, 53 (5): 4692000 Nov [2008-12-03], PMID:11141369, (原始内容存档于2019-12-02)
- Baskett, T F, Virginia Apgar and the newborn Apgar score., Resuscitation 47 (3), 2000, 47 (3): 215–72000 Nov [2008-12-03], PMID:11114450, (原始内容存档于2019-12-02)
- Jay, V, On a historical note: Dr. Virginia apgar., Pediatr. Dev. Pathol. 2 (3): 292–4, [2008-12-03], PMID:10191354, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Morishima, H O, Virginia Apgar (1909-1974)., J. Pediatr. 129 (5), 1996, 129 (5): 768–701996 Nov [2008-12-03], PMID:8917248, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Shampo, M A; Kyle, R A, Virginia Apgar--the Apgar score., Mayo Clin. Proc. 70 (7), 1995, 70 (7): 6801995 Jul [2008-12-03], PMID:7791393, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Butterfield, L J, Virginia Apgar, MD, MPhH., Neonatal network : NN 13 (6), 1994, 13 (6): 81–31994 Sep [2008-12-03], PMID:7854290, (原始内容存档于2019-12-02)
- Butterfield, L J, Virginia Apgar, MD, MPhH (1909-1974)., Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 14 (4): 310, [2008-12-03], PMID:7965228, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Ignatius, J, [Virginia Apgar 1909-1974], Duodecim; lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja 109 (1), 1993, 109 (1): 54–51993 [2008-12-03], PMID:8013307, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Appelgren, L, [The woman behind the Apgar score. Virginia Apgar. The woman behind the scoring system for quality control of the newborn], Lakartidningen 88 (14), 1991, 88 (14): 1304–61991 Apr 3 [2008-12-03], PMID:2016983, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Wilhelmson-Lindell, B, [Virginia Apgar Award to Petter Karlberg. After 45 years of pioneering commission as a pediatrician, the research on body-soul-environment is tempting], Lakartidningen 87 (40), 1990, 87 (40): 3198–2001990 Oct 3 [2008-12-03], PMID:2232990, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Kovács, J, [In commemoration of Virginia Apgar], Orvosi hetilap 130 (38), 1989, 130 (38): 2049–501989 Sep 17 [2008-12-03], PMID:2677904, (原始内容存档于2019-12-02)
- Calmes, S H, Virginia Apgar: a woman physician's career in a developing specialty., Journal of the American Medical Women's Association (1972) 39 (6): 184–8, [2008-12-03], PMID:6392395, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Schoenberg, D G; Schoenberg, B S, Eponym: yes, Virginia, there is an Apgar score., South. Med. J. 70 (1), 1977, 70 (1): 1011977 Jan [2008-12-03], PMID:320667, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
- Frey, R; Bendixen, H, [In memoriam Virginia Apgar 1909-1974], Der Anaesthesist 26 (1), 1977, 26 (1): 451977 Jan [2008-12-03], PMID:319701, (原始内容存档于2019-12-02)
- James, L S, Dedication to Virginia Apgar, MD., Birth Defects Orig. Artic. Ser. 12 (5), 1976, 12 (5): xx–xxi1976 [2008-12-03], PMID:782603, (原始内容存档于2019-11-30)
- James, L S, Fond memories of Virginia Apgar., Pediatrics 55 (1), 1975, 55 (1): 1–41975 Jan [2008-12-03], PMID:1089236, (原始内容存档于2019-11-30)
- James, L W, Memories of Virginia Apgar., Teratology 10 (3), 1974, 10 (3): 213–51974 Dec [2008-12-03], PMID:4617325, (原始内容存档于2019-12-01)
外部链接
- Virginia Apgar papers at Mount Holyoke College (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Columbia biography (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- MIT biography (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- PBS (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- National Women's Hall of Fame (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Full biography (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) on WhoNamedIt.com (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- The Virginia Apgar Papers (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) – Profiles in Science, National Library of Medicine