自由亚洲电台 (自由亚洲委员会)
自由亚洲电台是一家新闻机构，由美国中央情报局通过自由亚洲委员会于1951年至1955年间运营，旨在传播反共宣传。[1][2][3][4][5]:120
由自由亚洲委员会运营的自由亚洲电台于1951年首次从菲律宾马尼拉的美國無線電公司设施播出。广播以三种中国方言和英语进行。[3]在东京设有办事处，除了菲律宾外，还在孟加拉国达卡和巴基斯坦卡拉奇进行广播。尽管该新闻机构打算向中国大陆以及海外华人及其他地区传播反共宣传，但在这一过程中遇到了困难。[3]在中国大陆，个人收音机拥有率很低，而在亚洲其他地区，收音机接收效果很差。[1][3]
1953年，自由亚洲委员会决定终止该项目。[6]最终，该项目于1955年停播。[1]不过，直到1966年，自由亚洲电台仍在首尔的新设施中继续进行宣传广播。[7][8]
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Worldwide Propaganda Network Built by the C.I.A.. The New York Times. 1977-12-26 [2019-12-20]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-04）.
Far more obscure were two other C.I.A. broadcasting ventures, Radio Free Asia and a rather tenuous operation known as Free Cuba Radio. … [Radio Free Asia] was an arm of the Committee for Free Asia, and the C.I.A. thought of it as the beginning of an operation in the Far East that would rival Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty.
- ^ David Welch. Propaganda, Power and Persuasion: From World War I to Wikileaks. I.B.Tauris. 27 November 2013 [January 3, 2019]. ISBN 978-0-85773-737-3. （原始内容存档于August 19, 2020）.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Central Intelligence Agency. Memorandum For: Special Assistant to the President; International Radio Broadcasting by Radio Free Asia (PDF). foia.cia.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. 1 April 1953 [10 November 2015]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于March 4, 2016）.
- ^ Why Voice of America matters outside US. BBC News. 2016-12-15 [2021-05-01] （英国英语）.
- ^ Engelhardt, Tom. The end of victory culture : cold war America and the disillusioning of a generation 2nd paperback. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. 1998 [6 July 2021]. ISBN 1-55849-133-3.
[Allen Dulles] travelled untold secret miles, addressing global audiences through a media all his own - CIA funded operations like Radio Free Europe, Radio Free Asia, and Radio Liberation, which claimed to be "private non-governmental" services.
- ^ Shen, Shuang. "Empire of Information: The Asia Foundation's Network and Chinese-Language Cultural Production in Hong Kong and Southeast Asia." American Quarterly 69, no. 3 (2017): 589-610. doi:10.1353/aq.2017.0052.
- ^ Daya Kishan Thussu: "International Communication". Continuity and Change (Arnold 2000). p. 37. ISBN 0-340-74130-9.
- ^ Taylor, Phillip. Global Communications, International Affairs and the Media since 1945. Routledge. 1997: 43. ISBN 0-203-73786-5.
- ^ Cull, Nicholas. RFE/RL. Propaganda and Mass Persuasion. ABC-CLIO, LLC. 2003. ISBN 1-57607-820-5.