象牙貝屬
角贝科的一属软体动物
象牙貝屬（學名：Dentalium），又名角貝屬，是象牙貝科下的一個屬，為掘足綱動物的代表。其化石最早可追溯至志留紀晚期。牠們生存在不同深度及溫度的海洋中[2]，在海底泥砂中行穴居生活，利用觸手將食物碎屑送入口中。
象牙貝屬 化石时期：
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| Dentalium octangulatum Donovan, 1804 | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 軟體動物門 Mollusca |
| 纲： | 掘足綱 Scaphopoda |
| 目： | 象牙貝目 Dentaliida |
| 科： | 象牙貝科 Dentaliidae |
| 属： | 象牙貝屬 Dentalium Linnaeus, 1758[1] |
| 物種 | |
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50種，見內文 | |
特徵
牠們有著窄小的象牙形圓管狀貝殼，殼表有線條分明的縱肋。殼體朝尖端彎曲且逐漸變細，殼形會隨著年齡增長而慢慢變直。頭部、頭絲和足由較大的前殼口伸出。[2]
物種
- Dentalium aciculum Gould, 1859
- Dentalium adenense Ludbrook, 1954
- Dentalium agassizi Pilsbry and Sharp, 1897 Stained tuskshell
- Dentalium americanum Chenu, 1843 American tuskshell
- Dentalium antillarum D'Orbigny, 1842
- Dentalium aprinum L., 1766
- Dentalium bartletti Henderson, 1920
- Dentalium calamus Dall, 1889
- Dentalium callipeplum Dall, 1889
- Dentalium callithrix Dall, 1889
- Dentalium carduum Dall, 1889
- Dentalium ceratum (Dall, 1881)
- Dentalium circumcinctum Watson, 1879
- Dentalium dalli Pilsbry & Sharp, 1897
- Dentalium dentale L., 1766 European tusk
- Dentalium diarrhox Watson, 1879
- Dentalium didymum Watson, 1879
- Dentalium eboreum Conrad, 1846 Ivory tusk
- Dentalium ecostatum T W Kirk, 1880
- Dentalium elephantinum L., 1758 - Elephant tusk
- Dentalium ensiculus Jeffereys, 1877
- Dentalium entale entale (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Dentalium entale stimpsoni (Henderson, 1920)
- Dentalium entale Linnaeus, 1758
- Dentalium floridense J. B. Henderson, 1920
- Dentalium formosum Adams & Reeve, 1850 Formosan tusk
- Dentalium glaucarena Dell, 1953
- Dentalium gouldii Dall, 1889 Gould tuskshell
- Dentalium inversum Deshayes, 1825
- Dentalium laqueatum A. E. Verrill, 1885 Reticulate tuskshell
- Dentalium liodon Pilsbry & Sharp, 1897
- Dentalium longitrorsum Reeve, 1842 Elongate tusk
- Dentalium meridionale Pilsbry & Sharp, 1897
- Dentalium nanum Hutton, 1873
- Dentalium neohexagonum Sharp & Pilsbry, 1897 Hexagon tuskshell
- Dentalium occidentale Stimpson, 1851
- Dentalium octangulatum Donovan, 1804 Octagonal tusk
- Dentalium ophiodon Dall, 1881
- Dentalium perlongum Dall, 1881
- Dentalium pilsbryi Rehder, 1942
- Dentalium pretiosum Sowerby, 1860 Indian-money tusk
- Dentalium rebeccaense Henderson, 1920
- Dentalium rectius Carpenter, 1864
- Dentalium semistriolatum Guilding, 1834 Half-scratched tusk
- Dentalium senegalense Dautzenberg, 1891 Senegal tusk
- Dentalium sowerbyi Guilding, 1834
- Dentalium stenochizum Pilsbry and Sharp, 1897
- Dentalium suteri Emerson, 1954
- Dentalium taphrium Dall, 1889
- Dentalium texasianum Philippi, 1848
- Dentalium tiwhana Dell, 1953
- Dentalium tubulatum Henderson, 1920
- Dentalium vallicolens Raymond, 1904 Trench tuskshell
- Dentalium vernedei Sowerby, 1860l Vernede's tusk
- Dentalium vitreum Sars, 1851
- Dentalium vulgare da Costa, 1778 Common tusk
- Dentalium zelandicum Sowerby, 1860 New Zealand tusk
化石種[6]
- †Dentalium akasakensis Hayasaka 1925
- †Dentalium alazanum Cooke 1928
- †Dentalium angsananum Martin 1922
- †Dentalium aratum Tate 1887
- †Dentalium arcotinum Forbes 1846
- †Dentalium atratum Tate 1887
- †Dentalium attenuatum Say 1824
- †Dentalium badense Partsch, 1856
- †Dentalium bifrons Tate 1887
- †Dentalium bocasense Olsson 1922
- †Dentalium caduloide Dall 1892
- †Dentalium cannaliculatum Klipstein 1843
- †Dentalium cossmannianum Pilsbry and Sharp 1897
- †Dentalium danai Meyer 1885
- †Dentalium decoratum Münster 1841
- †Dentalium denotatum Ludbrook 1956
- †Dentalium giganteum Sowerby 1846
- †Dentalium gonatodes Martin 1885
- †Dentalium hamatum Forbes 1846
- †Dentalium hanguense Cox 1930
- †Dentalium hecetaensis Rohr et al. 2006
- †Dentalium inaequale Bronn 1831
- †Dentalium indianum Girty 1911
- †Dentalium junghuhni Martin 1879
- †Dentalium klipsteini Kittl 1891
- †Dentalium latisulcatum Tate 1899
- †Dentalium lombardicum Kittl 1899
- †Dentalium mancorens Olsson 1930
- †Dentalium microstria Heilprin 1880
- †Dentalium montense Briart and Cornet 1889
- †Dentalium moreanum d'Orbigny 1845
- †Dentalium neohexagonum Sharp and Pilsbry 1897
- †Dentalium neornatum Hayasaka 1925
- †Dentalium ovale Cooke 1928
- †Dentalium pseudonyma Pilsbry and Sharp 1898
- †Dentalium rimosum Bose 1906
- †Dentalium rugiferum von Koenen 1885
- †Dentalium sandbergeri Cossmann and Lambert 1884
- †Dentalium schencki Moore 1963
- †Dentalium sexangulum (Gmelin, 1790)
- †Dentalium simile Münster 1841
- †Dentalium solidum Hutton 1873
- †Dentalium sorbii King 1850
- †Dentalium speyeri Geinitz 1852
- †Dentalium sundkrogensis Schnetler 2001
- †Dentalium tenuistriatum Martin 1879
- †Dentalium tornatissimum Tate 1899
- †Dentalium triquetrum Tate 1887
- †Dentalium yasilum Olsson 1930
圖片
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上新世的Dentalium sexangulum化石 -
中新世的Dentalium badense化石 -
上新世的Dentalium species化石 -
Dentalium entale（圖上）及Dentalium vulgare（圖下） -
於威爾瓦發現的象牙貝化石
參考文獻
- ^ Fossilworks: Dentalium. [2018-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2017-11-07） （英语）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Walker, Cyril; Ward, David. Fossils. Smithsonian Handbooks revised, illustrated. Dorling Kindersley. 2002: 114. ISBN 0789489848.
- ^ Catalogue of life. [2018-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-20）.
- ^ ITIS. [2018-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-19）.
- ^ Animal Diversity. [2018-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-07）.
- ^ Paleobiology Database. [2018-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-13）.
外部連結
- Dentalium in the Paleobiology Database