達那唑(Danazol)為一種用於治療子宮內膜異位症乳腺小叶增生遺傳性血管性水腫英语hereditary angioedema及其他疾病的藥物[8][1][10][11][12],主要經口服给药[1]

達那唑
臨床資料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureDanatrol, Danocrine, Danol, Danoval, others
其他名稱WIN-17757; 2,3-Isoxazolethisterone; 2,3-Isoxazol-17α-ethynyltestosterone; 17α-Ethynyl-17β-hydroxyandrost-4-en-[2,3-d]isoxazole
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682599
懷孕分級
  • : D
给药途径口服给药
藥物類別英语Drug class雄激素同化類固醇黄体制剂孕激素抗促性腺激素英语Antigonadotropin固醇類合成抑制劑英语Steroidogenesis inhibitor抗動情素藥物英语Antiestrogen
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度Saturable with dosage, higher with food intake[1]
血漿蛋白結合率會與白蛋白英语human serum albuminSHBG, CBG結合[2][3][4]
药物代谢肝臟CYP3A4[8][5][9][1][6]
代謝產物2-OHM-Ethisterone[5]
Ethisterone[6][7]
生物半衰期Acute: 3–10 hours[8][1]
Chronic: 24–26 hours[8]
排泄途徑尿糞便[8][1]
识别信息
  • (1S,2R,13R,14S,17R,18S)-17-ethynyl-2,18-dimethyl-7-oxa-6-azapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,10.04,8.014,18]icosa-4(8),5,9-trien-17-ol
CAS号17230-88-5  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.037.503 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C22H27NO2
摩尔质量337.463 g/mol
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • C[C@]12CC[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@]2(C#C)O)CCC4=CC5=C(C[C@]34C)C=NO5
  • InChI=1S/C22H27NO2/c1-4-22(24)10-8-18-16-6-5-15-11-19-14(13-23-25-19)12-20(15,2)17(16)7-9-21(18,22)3/h1,11,13,16-18,24H,5-10,12H2,2-3H3/t16-,17+,18+,20+,21+,22+/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:POZRVZJJTULAOH-LHZXLZLDSA-N checkY

達那唑具有雄性化副作用,使其用途大受限制。常見不良反應包含痤疮多毛症,以及聲音變低沉[1][13]。達那唑的作用機轉複雜,同時具有弱雄激素、弱同化類固醇、弱孕激素,弱抗促性腺激素英语Antigonadotropin、弱固醇類合成抑制劑英语steroidogenesis inhibitor,以及功能性抗動情素藥物英语Antiestrogen[4][9][14][9][14][15]

達那唑發現於1963年,並於1971年應用於醫學[9][16][17][18]。隨著副作用更少的性腺激素釋放素類似物英语gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue應用逐漸廣泛,達那唑在治療子宮內膜異位症的角色已被前者所取代[3]

參考文獻

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  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Florencio Zaragoza Dörwald. Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists: Pharmacokinetic Properties of Functional Groups and Organic Compounds. John Wiley & Sons. 4 February 2013: 485– [2019-10-09]. ISBN 978-3-527-64565-7. (原始内容存档于2020-01-09). 
  7. ^ Robert J. Kurman. Blaustein's Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. Springer Science & Business Media. 17 April 2013: 390– [2019-10-09]. ISBN 978-1-4757-3889-6. (原始内容存档于2020-01-10). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Brayfield, A (编). Danazol. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Pharmaceutical Press. 30 October 2013 [1 April 2014]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-28). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Howard W. Jones; John A. Rock. Te Linde's Operative Gynecology. Wolters Kluwer Health. 10 July 2015: 1327–1330 [2019-10-09]. ISBN 978-1-4963-1521-2. (原始内容存档于2020-01-10).  引用错误:带有name属性“JonesRock2015”的<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次
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  13. ^ Selak V, Farquhar C, Prentice A, Singla A. Farquhar C , 编. Danazol for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007, (4): CD000068. PMID 17943735. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000068.pub2. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Aurel Lupulescu. Hormones and Vitamins in Cancer Treatment. CRC Press. 24 October 1990: 103– [2019-10-09]. ISBN 978-0-8493-5973-6. (原始内容存档于2020-01-10). 
  15. ^ Albert Altchek; Liane Deligdisch; Nathan Kase. Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders. Academic Press. 4 September 2003: 376– [2019-10-09]. ISBN 978-0-08-049451-7. (原始内容存档于2020-01-09). 
  16. ^ G.P. Ellis and G.B. Ellis, doi:10.1016/S0079-6468(08)70187-5 (1979),  pp. 126, note 158, 130, notes 1513, 2369, citing doi:10.1021/jm00299a034
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