黃鼠屬
黃鼠屬（学名：Spermophilus），哺乳綱、囓齒目、松鼠科的一屬，而與黃鼠屬同科的動物尚有馬尾松鼠屬（馬尾松鼠）、山松鼠屬（巴拿馬山松鼠）、細趾黃鼠屬（細趾黃鼠）、松鼠屬（松鼠）等之數種哺乳動物。
黄鼠属
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| 沙黄鼠（Spermophilus fulvus） | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
| 目： | 啮齿目 Rodentia |
| 科： | 松鼠科 Sciuridae |
| 亚科： | 非洲地松鼠亚科 Xerinae |
| 族： | 地松鼠族 Marmotini |
| 属： | 黄鼠属 Spermophilus F. Cuvier, 1825 |
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属名更改
本属物种原主要包括分布在北美洲地区啮齿动物，称为美洲黃鼠屬。2005年出版的《世界哺乳动物物种》(第三版)一书中将“黃鼠屬”的拉丁属名更改，原属名 Citellus 经考证为无效学名，改用 Spermophilus。[1]
下属物种
目前全球生物多样性信息网络（GBIF）记录了本属46种：[2]
- Spermophilus bensoni (Gidley, 1922)
- Spermophilus cochisei (Gidley, 1922)
- Spermophilus cragini (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus dotti (Hibbard, 1954)
- Spermophilus finlayensis (Strain, 1966)
- Spermophilus fricki (Hibbard, 1942)
- Spermophilus gidleyi (Merriam et al., 1925)
- Spermophilus howelli (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus matachicensis (Wilson, 1949)
- Spermophilus matthewi (Black, 1963)
- Spermophilus mcgheei (Strain, 1966)
- Spermophilus mckayensis (Shotwell, 1956)
- Spermophilus meadensis (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus primitivus (Bryant, 1945)
- Spermophilus rexroadensis (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus ridgwayi Gazin, 1932
- Spermophilus shotwelli (Black, 1963)
- Spermophilus taylori (Hay, 1921)
- Spermophilus tuitus (Hay, 1921)
- Spermophilus wilsoni (Shotwell, 1956)
- Spermophilus argonautus (Stirton & Goeriz, 1942)
- 阿拉善黄鼠 Spermophilus alashanicus Büchner, 1888
- Spermophilus boothi Hibbard, 1972
- 短尾黄鼠 Spermophilus brevicauda Brandt, 1843
- Spermophilus Spermophilus (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Spermophilus cyanocittus Korth, 1997
- 达乌尔黄鼠 Spermophilus dauricus Brandt, 1843
- 赤颊黄鼠 Spermophilus erythrogenys Brandt, 1841
- 沙黄鼠 Spermophilus fulvus (Lichtenstein, 1823)
- Spermophilus jerae Sutton & Korth, 1995
- Spermophilus johnstoni Hibbard, 1972
- Spermophilus lorisrusselli Hibbard, 1976
- 大黄鼠 Spermophilus major (Pallas, 1778)
- Spermophilus meltoni Hibbard, 1972
- 高加索黄鼠 Spermophilus musicus Ménétries, 1832
- 淡尾黄鼠 Spermophilus pallidicauda (Satunin, 1903)
- 小黄鼠 Spermophilus pygmaeus (Pallas, 1778)
- Spermophilus ralli (Kuznetsov, 1948)
- 天山黄鼠 Spermophilus relictus (Kashkarov, 1923)
- Spermophilus russelli Gustafson, 1978
- Spermophilus vorontsovi Simonov, Lopatina, Titov, Ivanova, Brandler, Surin, Matrosova, Dvilis, Oreshkova, Kapustina, Golenishchev & Ermakov, 2024[3]
- Spermophilus superciliosus Kaup, 1839
- 斑点黄鼠 Spermophilus suslicus (Güldenstaedt, 1770)
- Spermophilus taurensis (Gündüz, Jaarola, Tez, Yeniyurt, Polly & Searle, 2007)
- Spermophilus torosensis
- Spermophilus wellingtonensis Kelly, 1997
- Spermophilus xanthoprymnus (Bennett, 1835)
参考文献
- ^ Thorington RW, Hoffman RS (2005) Family Sciuridae. In: Wilson DE, Reeder DM (eds) Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference, vol 2, 3rd edn. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 754–818
- ^ Spermophilus F.Cuvier, 1825. GBIF. Copenhagen, Denmark: GBIF Secretariat. [2021-06-01].
- ^ Evgeniy Simonov, Natalia V. Lopatina, Sergey V. Titov, Anastasiya D. Ivanova, Oleg V. Brandler, Vadim L. Surin, Vera A. Matrosova, Alisa E. Dvilis, Nataliya V. Oreshkova, Svetlana Yu. Kapustina, Fedor N. Golenishchev and Oleg A. Ermakov. 2024. Traditional Multilocus Phylogeny fails to fully resolve Palearctic Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus) Relationships but reveals A New Species endemic to West Siberia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 195, 108057. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108057