铪酸锶

铪酸锶
英文名	Strontium hafnate
识别
CAS号	12029-24-2
PubChem	20633930（结构错误）
SMILES	[Sr+2].[O-]Hf(=O)[O-];
InChIKey	RNFADRXKYVCNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
性质
化学式	SrHfO3
摩尔质量	314.113（无水）; 350.145（二水） g·mol⁻¹
外观	玻璃或陶瓷状固体
密度	7.6 g/cm3
熔点	2930 °C
折光度n; D	2.01
结构
晶体结构	钙钛矿
空间群	62
晶格常数	a = 5.793 Å, b = 8.188 Å, c = 5.785 Å (25 °C)
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

铪酸锶是一种无机化合物，化学式为SrHfO₃，存在无水物和二水合物。^[4]

制备

铪酸锶可以HfO(NO₃)₂·2H₂O和SrCO₃为原料制备。先将硝酸盐溶于水，按化学计量比加入SrCO₃，在水中，HfO(NO₃)₂发生水解：

HfO(NO₃)₂ + 2 H₂O → Hf(OH)₄ + 2 HNO₃

水解产生的HNO₃作用于SrCO₃：

2 HNO₃ + SrCO₃ → Sr(NO₃)₂ + H₂O + CO₂↑

最后，将溶液蒸干，在高温下，Hf(OH)₄分解为HfO₂，Sr(NO₃)₂先分解为Sr(NO₂)₂，然后进一步分解为SrO，高于700℃时，两者反应，得到产物SrHfO₃：^[5]

SrO + HfO₂ → SrHfO₃

铪酸锶也可以通过在电化学电池中的阳极转换反应制备，所用电压高达210V，电极温度控制在300 K。铪箔未沉积的部分需要用1:1的硝酸和氢氟酸清洗。^[6]铪酸锶的薄膜还可以通过Hf对SrO₂靶的气相沉积来制备。^[7]在Si(100)底物上的等离子气相沉积也能够制得产物，反应中用(MeCp)₂Hf(OMe)将会提高生长速率。^[8]

用途

铪酸锶参杂某些金属（如铈），可以得到闪烁陶瓷粉体材料。^[9]

参考文献

^ Feteira, Antonio; Sinclair, Derek C.; Rajab, Khalid Z.; Lanagan, Michael T. Crystal Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Alkaline-Earth Hafnates, AHfO₃ (A=Ba, Sr, Ca). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2008, 91 (3): 893 – 901. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02134.x.
^ Yamanaka, Shinsuke; Maekawa, Takuji; Muta, Hiroaki; Matsuda, Tetsushi; Kobayashi, Shin-ichi; Kurosaki, Ken. Thermal and mechanical properties of SrHfO3. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2004, 381 (1-2): 295–300. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.113.
^ Ye, Tiannan; Dong, Zhenghong; Zhao, Yongnan; Yu, Jianguo; Wang, Fengqin; Zhang, Lingling; Zou, Yongcun. Rationally fabricating hollow particles of complex oxides by a templateless hydrothermal route: The case of single-crystalline SrHfO₃ hollow cuboidal nanoshells. Dalton Transactions. 2011, 40 (11): 2601 – 2606. doi:10.1039/C0DT01354D.
^ Kostrikin A.V.; Spiridonov F.M.; Lin'ko I.V.; et al. On Hydrated Strontium Hafnate. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2001, 46 (5): 639–641.
^ Lukin, E. S.; Soyuzova, A. Ya. The synthesis, sintering, and properties of strontium hafnate. Refractories. 1973, 14 (3-4): 174–180. ISSN 0034-3102. doi:10.1007/BF01286429.
^ Schreckenbach, J.P; Meyer, N; Marx, G; Lee, B.T; Kriven, W.M. Strontium hafnate phases by anodic spark conversion. Applied Surface Science. 2003, 205 (1-4): 97–101. doi:10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01039-5.
^ McCarthy, I.; Agustin, M.P.; Shamuilia, S.; Stemmer, S.; Afanas'ev, V.V.; Campbell, S.A. Strontium hafnate films deposited by physical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films. 2006, 515 (4): 2527–2530. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2006.07.030.
^ Black, K.; Werner, M.; Rowlands–Jones, R.; Chalker, P.R.; Rosseinsky, M.J. SrHfO₃ Films Grown on Si(100) by Plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition.. Chemistry of Materials. 2011-05-24, 23 (10): 2518–2520. ISSN 0897-4756. doi:10.1021/cm200315u.
^ 刘亚慧, 柏朝晖. 碱土铪酸盐闪烁陶瓷粉体的制备与表征. 化学工程与装备, 2009(10):33-35

拓展阅读

Red'ko, V.P.; Shevchenko, A.V.; Lopato, L.M. Polimorfizm gafnata i tsirkoniya strontsiya [Polymorphism of strontium hafnate and zirconate]. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Neorganicheskie Materialy, 1988. 24(12): 2027-2030
Ma, Wen; Li, Peng; Dong, Hongying; Bai, Yu; Zhao, Jinlan; Fan, Xiaoze. Y₂O₃ and Yb₂O₃ Co-doped Strontium Hafnate as a New Thermal Barrier Coating Material. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology. 2014, 23 (1-2): 154–159. ISSN 1059-9630. doi:10.1007/s11666-013-0006-9.

[1] Feteira, Antonio; Sinclair, Derek C.; Rajab, Khalid Z.; Lanagan, Michael T. Crystal Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Alkaline-Earth Hafnates, AHfO₃ (A=Ba, Sr, Ca). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2008, 91 (3): 893 – 901. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02134.x.

[2] Yamanaka, Shinsuke; Maekawa, Takuji; Muta, Hiroaki; Matsuda, Tetsushi; Kobayashi, Shin-ichi; Kurosaki, Ken. Thermal and mechanical properties of SrHfO3. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2004, 381 (1-2): 295–300. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.03.113.

[3] Ye, Tiannan; Dong, Zhenghong; Zhao, Yongnan; Yu, Jianguo; Wang, Fengqin; Zhang, Lingling; Zou, Yongcun. Rationally fabricating hollow particles of complex oxides by a templateless hydrothermal route: The case of single-crystalline SrHfO₃ hollow cuboidal nanoshells. Dalton Transactions. 2011, 40 (11): 2601 – 2606. doi:10.1039/C0DT01354D.

[4] Kostrikin A.V.; Spiridonov F.M.; Lin'ko I.V.; et al. On Hydrated Strontium Hafnate. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2001, 46 (5): 639–641.

[5] Lukin, E. S.; Soyuzova, A. Ya. The synthesis, sintering, and properties of strontium hafnate. Refractories. 1973, 14 (3-4): 174–180. ISSN 0034-3102. doi:10.1007/BF01286429.

[6] Schreckenbach, J.P; Meyer, N; Marx, G; Lee, B.T; Kriven, W.M. Strontium hafnate phases by anodic spark conversion. Applied Surface Science. 2003, 205 (1-4): 97–101. doi:10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01039-5.

[7] McCarthy, I.; Agustin, M.P.; Shamuilia, S.; Stemmer, S.; Afanas'ev, V.V.; Campbell, S.A. Strontium hafnate films deposited by physical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films. 2006, 515 (4): 2527–2530. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2006.07.030.

[8] Black, K.; Werner, M.; Rowlands–Jones, R.; Chalker, P.R.; Rosseinsky, M.J. SrHfO₃ Films Grown on Si(100) by Plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition.. Chemistry of Materials. 2011-05-24, 23 (10): 2518–2520. ISSN 0897-4756. doi:10.1021/cm200315u.

[9] 刘亚慧, 柏朝晖. 碱土铪酸盐闪烁陶瓷粉体的制备与表征. 化学工程与装备, 2009(10):33-35

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