钼的同位素
钼（原子量：95.94(2)）共有33个同位素和四个同核异构体，原子量在83至115之间，其中有6个同位素是稳定的。其中有七个同位素存在于自然界，分别是92Mo、94Mo、95Mo、96Mo、97Mo、98Mo以及放射性的100Mo。
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| 标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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图表
| 符号 | Z | N | 同位素质量（u） [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2][n 3] |
衰变 方式[3] |
衰变 产物 [n 4] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相对丰度 （莫耳分率）[n 2] |
相对丰度 的变化量 （莫耳分率） |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激发能量[n 2] | |||||||||
| 83Mo | 42 | 41 | 82.94874(54)# | 23(19) ms [6(+30-3) ms][4] |
β+, p | 82Zr | 3/2-# | ||
| β+ | 83Nb | ||||||||
| 84Mo | 42 | 42 | 83.94009(43)# | 3.8(9) ms [3.7(+10-8) s] |
β+ | 84Nb | 0+ | ||
| 85Mo | 42 | 43 | 84.93655(30)# | 3.2(2) s | β+ | 85Nb | (1/2-)# | ||
| 86Mo | 42 | 44 | 85.93070(47) | 19.6(11) s | β+ | 86Nb | 0+ | ||
| 87Mo | 42 | 45 | 86.92733(24) | 14.05(23) s | β+ (85%) | 87Nb | 7/2+# | ||
| β+, p (15%) | 86Zr | ||||||||
| 88Mo | 42 | 46 | 87.921953(22) | 8.0(2) min | β+ | 88Nb | 0+ | ||
| 89Mo | 42 | 47 | 88.919480(17) | 2.11(10) min | β+ | 89Nb | (9/2+) | ||
| 89mMo | 387.5(2) keV | 190(15) ms | IT | 89Mo | (1/2-) | ||||
| 90Mo | 42 | 48 | 89.913937(7) | 5.56(9) h | β+ | 90Nb | 0+ | ||
| 90mMo | 2874.73(15) keV | 1.12(5) µs | 8+# | ||||||
| 91Mo | 42 | 49 | 90.911750(12) | 15.49(1) min | β+ | 91Nb | 9/2+ | ||
| 91mMo | 653.01(9) keV | 64.6(6) s | IT (50.1%) | 91Mo | 1/2- | ||||
| β+ (49.9%) | 91Nb | ||||||||
| 92Mo | 42 | 50 | 91.906811(4) | 观测上稳定[n 5] | 0+ | 0.14649(106) | |||
| 92mMo | 2760.46(16) keV | 190(3) ns | 8+ | ||||||
| 93Mo | 42 | 51 | 92.906813(4) | 4,000(800) a | ε | 93Nb | 5/2+ | ||
| 93mMo | 2424.89(3) keV | 6.85(7) h | IT (99.88%) | 93Mo | 21/2+ | ||||
| β+ (.12%) | 93Nb | ||||||||
| 94Mo | 42 | 52 | 93.9050883(21) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.09187(33) | |||
| 95Mo[n 6] | 42 | 53 | 94.9058421(21) | 稳定 | 5/2+ | 0.15873(30) | |||
| 96Mo | 42 | 54 | 95.9046795(21) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.16673(30) | |||
| 97Mo[n 6] | 42 | 55 | 96.9060215(21) | 稳定 | 5/2+ | 0.09582(15) | |||
| 98 Mo [n 6] |
42 | 56 | 97.9054082(21) | 观测上稳定[n 7] | 0+ | 0.24292(80) | |||
| 99Mo[n 6][n 8] | 42 | 57 | 98.9077119(21) | 2.7489(6) d | β− | 99mTc | 1/2+ | ||
| 99m1Mo | 97.785(3) keV | 15.5(2) µs | 5/2+ | ||||||
| 99m2Mo | 684.5(4) keV | 0.76(6) µs | 11/2- | ||||||
| 100Mo[n 9][n 6] | 42 | 58 | 99.907477(6) | 8.5(5)×1018 a | β−β− | 100Ru | 0+ | 0.09744(65) | |
| 101Mo | 42 | 59 | 100.910347(6) | 14.61(3) min | β− | 101Tc | 1/2+ | ||
| 102Mo | 42 | 60 | 101.910297(22) | 11.3(2) min | β− | 102Tc | 0+ | ||
| 103Mo | 42 | 61 | 102.91321(7) | 67.5(15) s | β− | 103Tc | (3/2+) | ||
| 104Mo | 42 | 62 | 103.91376(6) | 60(2) s | β− | 104Tc | 0+ | ||
| 105Mo | 42 | 63 | 104.91697(8) | 35.6(16) s | β− | 105Tc | (5/2-) | ||
| 106Mo | 42 | 64 | 105.918137(19) | 8.73(12) s | β− | 106Tc | 0+ | ||
| 107Mo | 42 | 65 | 106.92169(17) | 3.5(5) s | β− | 107Tc | (7/2-) | ||
| 107mMo | 66.3(2) keV | 470(30) ns | (5/2-) | ||||||
| 108Mo | 42 | 66 | 107.92345(21)# | 1.09(2) s | β− | 108Tc | 0+ | ||
| 109Mo | 42 | 67 | 108.92781(32)# | 0.53(6) s | β− | 109Tc | (7/2-)# | ||
| 110Mo | 42 | 68 | 109.92973(43)# | 0.27(1) s | β− (>99.9%) | 110Tc | 0+ | ||
| β−, n (<.1%) | 109Tc | ||||||||
| 111Mo | 42 | 69 | 110.93441(43)# | 200# ms [>300 ns] |
β− | 111Tc | |||
| 112Mo | 42 | 70 | 111.93684(64)# | 150# ms [>300 ns] |
β− | 112Tc | 0+ | ||
| 113Mo | 42 | 71 | 112.94188(64)# | 100# ms [>300 ns] |
β− | 113Tc | |||
| 114Mo | 42 | 72 | 113.94492(75)# | 80# ms [>300 ns] |
0+ | ||||
| 115Mo | 42 | 73 | 114.95029(86)# | 60# ms [>300 ns] |
|||||
| 116Mo | 42 | 74 | (116)# | > 391 ns[5] | β−[5] | 116Tc | 0+[5] | ||
| β−, n[5] | 115Tc | ||||||||
| 117Mo[6] | 42 | 75 | (117)# | (> 393) ns[6] | β−, 2n[6] | 115 Tc |
|||
| β−, n[6] | 116 Tc | ||||||||
| β−[6] | 117 Tc | ||||||||
| 118Mo | 42 | 76 | (118)# | ||||||
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，仅为理论推测。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的同位素以粗体表示。
- ^ 稳定的衰变产物以粗体表示。
- ^ Believed to decay by β+β+ to 92Zr with a half-life over 1.9×1020 years
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Fission product
- ^ Believed to decay by β−β− to 98Ru with a half-life of over 1×1014 years
- ^ Used to produce the medically useful radioisotope technetium-99m
- ^ Primordial radionuclide
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 铌的同位素 | 钼的同位素 | 锝的同位素 |
参考文献
- ^ Kajan, I.; Heinitz, S.; Kossert, K.; Sprung, P.; Dressler, R.; Schumann, D. First direct determination of the 93Mo half-life. Scientific Reports. 2021-10-05, 11 (1). ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8492754
. PMID 34611245. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99253-5.
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ 存档副本. [2015-09-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.
- ^ molybdenum-83 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 molybdenum-116 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 molybdenum-117 :Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive, nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.