File:Tibetan Passport for Johannes(I-wang-na) issued in 1688. Engraving published by Thomas Hyde.png
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描述Tibetan Passport for Johannes(I-wang-na) issued in 1688. Engraving published by Thomas Hyde.png |
English: Tibetan Passport for Armenian merchant Master Johannes(I-wang-na) issued in 1688 AD. Engraving published by Thomas Hyde in Historia religionis veterum Persarum(1700). English translation by Csoma de Körös, with modifications by Turrell V. Wylie:
From noble (city) Lhassa, the Wheel of Dharma. — To those that are on the road as far as Arya Desa or India, to noble, ignoble (i.e. strong or weak), monastic communities, lay communities; to residents in forts, stewards, managers of affairs, to Mongols, Tibetans, Turks, and to nomads; to ex-chis (or el-chis, envoys, or public messengers, vakils or ambassadors, &c.) going to and fro ; to keepers and precluders of bye-ways (or short-cuts) ; to the elder (or head) men, subjects, all those charged with the responsibility of civil and military affairs; to all these is ordered (or is made known). These four, guests of Phun-tshogs Lcang-lo-can in Lhassa, white-headed(European fathers of the Catholic faith) I-wang-na-can, after having exchanged their merchandize, going back to their own country, having with them sixteen loads on beasts; wherever they go, always assist them there with whatever (they need), with compulsory horse (transport) as the (principal) example — do not hinder, rob, plunder, et cetera, them; but let them go to and fro in peace. Thus has been written from the noble Lhassa, the Wheel of Dharma, from the secretariat of both ecclesiastical and civil affairs, in earth-dragon year (in the year of Tibetan calendar, which is 1688 AD). On the day of the month. (These dates are wanting). Note. — There is no Tibetan joined with them. They have about a man's load of victuals wrapped up in a bundle; with that there has been made an increase (of packages), but let them go in peace.中文:1688年拉薩政府在亞美尼亞人約翰(藏文威利轉寫:I-wang-na;英語:Johannes)離開拉薩時發給他的藏文護照。內容:
從法輪聖城拉薩致沿途遠到雅利安地區、印度的人,大小貴族、堡壘居民、管家、事務經理,蒙古人,西藏人,土耳其人,以及沙漠牧民,來往的特使、公共信使、大使;道路與捷徑的擁有者;長老,所有負責平民或軍事事務的人;所有這些都是命令(或諭知)。這白頭(指歐洲神父)約翰四人是拉薩的平措·江樂金的客人,在交換了他們的商品後,帶著16馱物品回到自己的國家;無論他們去哪,應給予馬匹烏拉等協助 - 不要妨礙,搶劫,掠奪他們;而讓他們平安地來去。 此為來自法輪聖城拉薩宗教與市政秘書處所寫於藏曆陽土龍年月日。(月日無法辦認) 注意。— 他們沒有藏人隨行。他們有一人能負荷的食品包裹;包裹份量增加了,但讓他們平安通過。 |
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日期 | A.D. | |||||
來源 |
Thomas Hyde's Historia Religionis Veterum Persarum (2nd edition, page 552-3) published in 1700 AD. Reprinted from microfilm by Turrell V. Wylie, “Notes on Csoma de Körös’s Translation of a Tibetan Passport” p. 119 in Christopher I. Beckwith, ed., “Silver on Lapis: Tibetan Literary Culture and History”. |
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作者 | Issued by Secretariat of Lhasa. Published by Thomas Hyde (29 June 1636 – 18 February 1703) | |||||
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