滴液猪笼草
滴液猪笼草(学名:Nepenthes distillatoria)是斯里兰卡特有的的热带食虫植物。其为第二个被描述的猪笼草属物种,并且是首个正式命名于林奈分类法下的猪笼草属物种。其还为猪笼草属的模式种。其种加词“distillatoria”来源于拉丁文“destillo”和形容词词尾“-oria”,意为“提取的、蒸馏的”。
滴液猪笼草![]() | |
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产自斯里兰卡辛哈拉加森林保护区的滴液猪笼草的上位笼 | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
目: | 石竹目 Caryophyllales |
科: | 猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae |
属: | 猪笼草属 Nepenthes |
种: | 滴液猪笼草 N. distillatoria
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二名法 | |
Nepenthes distillatoria L., 1753
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滴液猪笼草的分布地 | |
異名 | |
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植物学史
滴液猪笼草是自马达加斯加猪笼草(N. madagascariensis)之后第二个被描述的猪笼草属物种。1677年,丹麦医生托马斯·巴托林(Thomas Bartholin)简要的描述了它,并将其命名为“Miranda herba”,意为“奇妙的药草”。[12]三年后,荷兰商人雅各布·布雷纳(Jacob Breyne)依当地俗名将其命名为“Bandura zingalensium”。[11]随后“Bandura”便成为了之后指代猪笼草最常用的名字,直至1737年,卡尔·林奈建立了猪笼草属。 [14]
1683年,瑞典医生及博物学家赫尔曼·尼克拉斯·格里姆(Herman Niklas Grim.[13])再次描述了滴液猪笼草。[13]他将其称为“奇异的滴液植物(Planta mirabilis destillatoria)”。这是第一次有人清楚的描述了猪笼草。[14]三年后,即1686年,英国博物学家约翰·雷援引格林的话说:[注 1][9]
“ | 由于太阳光的照射,地面的水气升腾并凝结在植株上,水滴随着茎和叶流入了笼内。(翻译自拉丁文,见《婆罗洲的猪笼草》[14]) | ” |
1753年,卡尔·林奈使用H·N·格林原种加词命名了滴液猪笼草。
1737年,约翰内斯·布尔曼(Johannes Burmann)再次在其著作《Thesaurus Zeylanicus》中对滴液猪笼草进行了描述。文中包括一幅带捕虫笼和花序枝条的插图。布尔曼将滴液猪笼草命名为“Bandura zeylanica”。[10]
生态关系
滴液猪笼草是斯里兰卡特有的物种,也是唯一分布于该岛的猪笼草属物种。其生长于河堤或森林里浸水的开阔灌木丛中。滴液猪笼草存在于海拔0至700米处。[1]
由于地理隔离,尚未发现滴液猪笼草的自然杂交种。
种下类群
已有三个滴液猪笼草种下类群的描述,但其名称都不是有效的:
注释
参考文献
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- ^ (法文) Brongniart, A. 1824. Observations sur les genres Cytinus et Nepenthes (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1: 29–52.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 (德文) Beck, G. 1895. Die Gattung Nepenthes. Wiener Illustrirte Garten-Zeitung 20(3–6): 96–107, 141–150, 182–192, 217–229.
- ^ Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.
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- ^ (拉丁文) Hermann, H. 1726. Badura. In: Musaeum Zeylanicum, sive catalogus plantarum, in Zeylana Sponte Nascentium, observatarum & descriptarum. D. vander Vecht, Lugduni Batavorum. p. 16.
- ^ (拉丁文) Hermann, H. 1726. Bandura. In: Musaeum Zeylanicum, sive catalogus plantarum, in Zeylana Sponte Nascentium, observatarum & descriptarum. D. vander Vecht, Lugduni Batavorum. p. 37.
- ^ 9.0 9.1 Ray, J. 1686. Bandura cingalensium etc. Historia Plantarum 1: 721–722.
- ^ 10.0 10.1 Burmann, J. 1737. Thesaurus Zeylanicus. Amsterdam.
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Breyne, J. 1680. Bandura zingalensium etc. Prodromus Fasciculi Rariorum Plantarum 1: 18.
- ^ 12.0 12.1 Bartholinus, T. 1677. Miranda herba. Acta Medica et Philosophica Hafniensa 3: 38.
- ^ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Grimm, H.N. 1683. Planta mirabilis destillatoria. In: Miscellanea curiosa sive Ephemeridum. Med. Phys. Germ. Acad. Nat. Cur. Decuriae 2, ann. prim. p. 363, f. 27.
- ^ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
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