費城牛肉芝士三明治

費城牛肉芝士三明治(英語:Cheesesteak、Philadelphia cheesesteak、Philly cheesesteak、cheesesteak sandwich、cheese steak、steak and cheese)是費城一帶流行的快餐[1]。將切得很薄的牛肉片加上融化的起司,夾在一種長形麵包(hoagie roll)裡做成三明治[2][3]

費城牛肉芝士三明治
Cheesesteak
費城牛肉芝士三明治
别称Philadelphia cheesesteak, Philly cheesesteak
上菜顺序主餐
起源地美國
地区費城
发明者Pat & Harry Olivieri
上菜温度熱食
主要成分牛肉片、乾酪、麵包
菜品变种多種
759 千卡 (3178 千焦)
費城牛肉芝士三明治

歷史

根據一本1987年費城圖書館公司(Library Company of Philadelphia)出版的展覽目錄以及費城歷史學會(Historical Society of Pennsylvania)表示,費城牛肉起士三明治發源自20世紀初期,「在一小條麵包上添加香煎牛肉、洋蔥和起司」。[4]

費城居民,帕特與哈利(Pat and Harry Olivieri)常被認為是費城牛肉起士三明治的發明者,他們在1930年早期,販售一種碎牛肉夾入義大利麵包做成的三明治。[5][6][7]但實際上仍有爭議,帕特和哈利原本經營一個熱狗攤,某天他們做了一種加碎牛肉和烤洋蔥的新款三明治。確切的故事眾說紛紜,但據其中一種說法,帕特正在吃這個三明治的時候,一個計程車司機剛好路過,而且對這個三明治很有興趣,所以也點了一份。吃過以後,計程車司機建議他們不要再賣熱狗,只賣新的三明治就好了。[6][8]於是位於費城南邊義大利市場附近的熱狗攤,就開始販賣這種牛排三明治。他們生意越來越好,帕特之後就開了名為Pat's King of Steaks的餐廳,至今仍在營業。[9]原本的三明治不含起司;店家表示:最先把波羅伏洛起司加進三明治的人是店址還在瑞吉大道(Ridge Avenue)時,一位名為Joe "Cocky Joe" Lorenza的經理。[10]

費城牛肉起士三明治無論在餐廳或小吃攤都是熱門菜色,費城市區有很多店家都是家族獨資經營的。[11][12]很多連鎖速食店會供應牛肉起士三明治。[13]高級餐廳也有各自的三明治版本。[14]許多費城外的店家在稱呼這種三明治時,會特別加上「費城」二字。[8]

參考資料

  1. ^ Greater Philadelphia Tourism Marketing Corporation. Philadelphia – African American Visitor's Guide and its suburbs (PDF). 21 November 2008 [2012-09-25]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2006-12-10). 
  2. ^ Pham, K.; Shen, P.; Phillips, T. (2014). Food Truck Road Trip--A Cookbook: More Than 100 Recipes Collected from the Best Street Food Vendors Coast to Coast. Page Street Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62414-087-7.
  3. ^ Fodor's Travel Publications, I.; Jabado, S.C. (2010). Fodor's 2010 Philadelphia & the Pennsylvania Dutch Country. Fodor's Philadelphia and the Pennsylvania Dutch Country. Fodor's Travel Pub. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-4000-0877-3.
  4. ^ Hines, Mary Anne; Marshall, Gordon; Weaver, William Woys (1987). The Larder Invaded. The Library Company of Philadelphia and the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. ISBN 0-914076-70-1.
  5. ^ Stuhldreher, Katie. "Rick's Steaks takes Reading Terminal Market dispute to court". Philly.com. Philly Online, LLC. Archived from the original on 24 January 2008. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Andrew F. Smith, ed. (2007). The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink. Oxford University Press. p. 451. ISBN 0195307968.
  7. ^ Stuhldreher, Katie (30 July 2007). "Rick's Steaks takes Reading Terminal Market dispute to court". philly.com. Archived from the original on 24 January 2008. Retrieved 30 July 2007.
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Ivory, Karen (2011). Philadelphia Icons: 50 Classic Views of the City of Brotherly Love. Globe Pequot. p. 18. ISBN 0762767650.
  9. ^ Epting, Chris (2009). The Birthplace Book: A Guide to Birth Sites of Famous People, Places, & Things. Stackpole Books. ISBN 0811740188.
  10. ^ Fiorillo, Victor (15 December 2008). "The Cheesesteak Cometh". Philadelphia Magazine. Archived from the original on 2010-07-18. Retrieved 13 July 2009.
  11. ^ Brookes, Karin; et al. (2005). Zoë Ross, ed. Insight Guides: Philadelphia and Surroundings (Second (Updated) ed.). APA Publications. ISBN 1-58573-026-2.
  12. ^ Price, Betsy (10 July 2009). "Tour de cheesesteak". The News Journal. Archived from the original on February 9, 2015. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
  13. ^ Hein, Kenneth (22 January 2009). "Domino's, Subway Battle Heats Up". Brandweek. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
  14. ^ Horowitz, Rachel (11 April 2004). "Cheesesteak raises eyebrows and drains wallets". The Daily Pennsylvanian. Retrieved 13 July 2009.

外部連結