RAR相关孤儿受体

RAR相关孤儿受体γ
識別
符號	RORC
替換符號	RZRG, RORG, NR1F3, TOR
Entrez	6097
HUGO	10260
OMIM	602943
RefSeq	NM_005060
UniProt	P51449
其他資料
基因座	1 q21

RAR相关孤儿受体β
識別
符號	RORB
替換符號	RZRB, NR1F2, ROR-BETA
Entrez	6096
HUGO	10259
OMIM	601972
PDB	1NQ7
RefSeq	NM_006914
UniProt	Q92753
其他資料
基因座	9 q22

RAR相关孤儿受体α
識別
符號	RORA
替換符號	RZRA, ROR1, ROR2, ROR3, NR1F1
Entrez	6095
HUGO	10258
OMIM	600825
PDB	1N83
RefSeq	NM_002943
UniProt	P35398
其他資料
基因座	15 q21-q22

RAR相关孤儿受体（英語：RAR-related orphan receptor，RORs）是核受体的一个家族，是细胞内转录因子的一员^[1]^[2]。有三个ROR家族成员：ROR-α、-β和-γ分别由基因RORA、RORB、RORC编码。RORs的不寻常之处在于它们是以单体形式结合到激素反应元件（英语：hormone response element）上的，而其它大部分核受体都是以二聚体形式发挥作用^[3]。

配体

目前已有褪黑素是ROR-α内源性配体的报道，而CGP 52608是其人工合成的配体^[4]。另外，X-射线晶体衍射（PDB 1n83和1s0x）数据表明胆固醇或胆固醇衍生物都可能是内源性配体^[5]。

与之相反，全反式维A酸对ROR-β和-γ有高亲和性，但对ROR-α全无^[6]。

功能

三种RORs在各个系统中起一些重要角色作用^[7]，包括：

ROR-α - 小脑和淋巴结的发育，脂质代谢（英语：lipid metabolism），免疫反应，骨维持
ROR-β - 在大脑和视网膜的高度表达，但精确作用未知
ROR-γ - 淋巴结发育，免疫反应，TH17辅助细胞（英语：T helper 17 cell）的存活

参考文献

^ Giguère V, Tini M, Flock G, Ong E, Evans RM, Otulakowski G. Isoform-specific amino-terminal domains dictate DNA-binding properties of ROR alpha, a novel family of orphan hormone nuclear receptors. Genes Dev. 1994, 8 (5): 538–53. PMID 7926749. doi:10.1101/gad.8.5.538.
^ Hirose T, Smith RJ, Jetten AM. ROR gamma: the third member of ROR/RZR orphan receptor subfamily that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994, 205 (3): 1976–83. PMID 7811290. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.2902.
^ Jetten AM, Kurebayashi S, Ueda E. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology Volume 69. Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. 2001, 69: 205–47. ISBN 978-0-12-540069-5. PMID 11550795. doi:10.1016/S0079-6603(01)69048-2. |chapter=被忽略 (帮助)
^ Wiesenberg I, Missbach M, Kahlen JP, Schräder M, Carlberg C. Transcriptional activation of the nuclear receptor RZR alpha by the pineal gland hormone melatonin and identification of CGP 52608 as a synthetic ligand. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995, 23 (3): 327–33. PMC 306679  . PMID 7885826. doi:10.1093/nar/23.3.327.
^ Kallen JA, Schlaeppi JM, Bitsch F, Geisse S, Geiser M, Delhon I, Fournier B. X-ray structure of the hRORalpha LBD at 1.63 A: structural and functional data that cholesterol or a cholesterol derivative is the natural ligand of RORalpha. Structure. December 2002, 10 (12): 1697–707 [2013-12-01]. PMID 12467577. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(02)00912-7. （原始内容存档于2019-02-17）.
^ Stehlin-Gaon C, Willmann D, Zeyer D, Sanglier S, Van Dorsselaer A, Renaud JP, Moras D, Schüle R. All-trans retinoic acid is a ligand for the orphan nuclear receptor ROR beta. Nat. Struct. Biol. 2003, 10 (10): 820–5. PMID 12958591. doi:10.1038/nsb979.
^ Jetten AM. Recent advances in the mechanisms of action and physiological functions of the retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs). Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy. 2004, 3 (4): 395–412 [2013-12-01]. PMID 15584888. doi:10.2174/1568010042634497. （原始内容存档于2013-12-03）.

外部链接

[pmid7926749-1] Giguère V, Tini M, Flock G, Ong E, Evans RM, Otulakowski G. Isoform-specific amino-terminal domains dictate DNA-binding properties of ROR alpha, a novel family of orphan hormone nuclear receptors. Genes Dev. 1994, 8 (5): 538–53. PMID 7926749. doi:10.1101/gad.8.5.538.

[pmid7811290-2] Hirose T, Smith RJ, Jetten AM. ROR gamma: the third member of ROR/RZR orphan receptor subfamily that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994, 205 (3): 1976–83. PMID 7811290. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.2902.

[pmid11550795-3] Jetten AM, Kurebayashi S, Ueda E. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology Volume 69. Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. 2001, 69: 205–47. ISBN 978-0-12-540069-5. PMID 11550795. doi:10.1016/S0079-6603(01)69048-2. |chapter=被忽略 (帮助)

[pmid7885826-4] Wiesenberg I, Missbach M, Kahlen JP, Schräder M, Carlberg C. Transcriptional activation of the nuclear receptor RZR alpha by the pineal gland hormone melatonin and identification of CGP 52608 as a synthetic ligand. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995, 23 (3): 327–33. PMC 306679  . PMID 7885826. doi:10.1093/nar/23.3.327.

[pmid12467577-5] Kallen JA, Schlaeppi JM, Bitsch F, Geisse S, Geiser M, Delhon I, Fournier B. X-ray structure of the hRORalpha LBD at 1.63 A: structural and functional data that cholesterol or a cholesterol derivative is the natural ligand of RORalpha. Structure. December 2002, 10 (12): 1697–707 [2013-12-01]. PMID 12467577. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(02)00912-7. （原始内容存档于2019-02-17）.

[pmid12958591-6] Stehlin-Gaon C, Willmann D, Zeyer D, Sanglier S, Van Dorsselaer A, Renaud JP, Moras D, Schüle R. All-trans retinoic acid is a ligand for the orphan nuclear receptor ROR beta. Nat. Struct. Biol. 2003, 10 (10): 820–5. PMID 12958591. doi:10.1038/nsb979.

[pmid15584888-7] Jetten AM. Recent advances in the mechanisms of action and physiological functions of the retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs). Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy. 2004, 3 (4): 395–412 [2013-12-01]. PMID 15584888. doi:10.2174/1568010042634497. （原始内容存档于2013-12-03）.

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