RAR相關孤兒受體

RAR相關孤兒受體γ
識別
符號	RORC
替換符號	RZRG, RORG, NR1F3, TOR
Entrez	6097
HUGO	10260
OMIM	602943
RefSeq	NM_005060
UniProt	P51449
其他資料
基因座	1 q21

RAR相關孤兒受體β
識別
符號	RORB
替換符號	RZRB, NR1F2, ROR-BETA
Entrez	6096
HUGO	10259
OMIM	601972
PDB	1NQ7
RefSeq	NM_006914
UniProt	Q92753
其他資料
基因座	9 q22

RAR相關孤兒受體α
識別
符號	RORA
替換符號	RZRA, ROR1, ROR2, ROR3, NR1F1
Entrez	6095
HUGO	10258
OMIM	600825
PDB	1N83
RefSeq	NM_002943
UniProt	P35398
其他資料
基因座	15 q21-q22

RAR相關孤兒受體（英語：RAR-related orphan receptor，RORs）是核受體的一個家族，是細胞內轉錄因子的一員^[1]^[2]。有三個ROR家族成員：ROR-α、-β和-γ分別由基因RORA、RORB、RORC編碼。RORs的不尋常之處在於它們是以單體形式結合到激素反應元件（英語：hormone response element）上的，而其它大部分核受體都是以二聚體形式發揮作用^[3]。

配體

目前已有褪黑素是ROR-α內源性配體的報道，而CGP 52608是其人工合成的配體^[4]。另外，X-射線晶體衍射（PDB 1n83和1s0x）數據表明膽固醇或膽固醇衍生物都可能是內源性配體^[5]。

與之相反，全反式維A酸對ROR-β和-γ有高親和性，但對ROR-α全無^[6]。

功能

三種RORs在各個系統中起一些重要角色作用^[7]，包括：

ROR-α - 小腦和淋巴結的發育，脂質代謝（英語：lipid metabolism），免疫反應，骨維持
ROR-β - 在大腦和視網膜的高度表達，但精確作用未知
ROR-γ - 淋巴結發育，免疫反應，TH17輔助細胞（英語：T helper 17 cell）的存活

參考文獻

^ Giguère V, Tini M, Flock G, Ong E, Evans RM, Otulakowski G. Isoform-specific amino-terminal domains dictate DNA-binding properties of ROR alpha, a novel family of orphan hormone nuclear receptors. Genes Dev. 1994, 8 (5): 538–53. PMID 7926749. doi:10.1101/gad.8.5.538.
^ Hirose T, Smith RJ, Jetten AM. ROR gamma: the third member of ROR/RZR orphan receptor subfamily that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994, 205 (3): 1976–83. PMID 7811290. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.2902.
^ Jetten AM, Kurebayashi S, Ueda E. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology Volume 69. Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. 2001, 69: 205–47. ISBN 978-0-12-540069-5. PMID 11550795. doi:10.1016/S0079-6603(01)69048-2. |chapter=被忽略 (幫助)
^ Wiesenberg I, Missbach M, Kahlen JP, Schräder M, Carlberg C. Transcriptional activation of the nuclear receptor RZR alpha by the pineal gland hormone melatonin and identification of CGP 52608 as a synthetic ligand. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995, 23 (3): 327–33. PMC 306679  . PMID 7885826. doi:10.1093/nar/23.3.327.
^ Kallen JA, Schlaeppi JM, Bitsch F, Geisse S, Geiser M, Delhon I, Fournier B. X-ray structure of the hRORalpha LBD at 1.63 A: structural and functional data that cholesterol or a cholesterol derivative is the natural ligand of RORalpha. Structure. December 2002, 10 (12): 1697–707 [2013-12-01]. PMID 12467577. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(02)00912-7. （原始內容存檔於2019-02-17）.
^ Stehlin-Gaon C, Willmann D, Zeyer D, Sanglier S, Van Dorsselaer A, Renaud JP, Moras D, Schüle R. All-trans retinoic acid is a ligand for the orphan nuclear receptor ROR beta. Nat. Struct. Biol. 2003, 10 (10): 820–5. PMID 12958591. doi:10.1038/nsb979.
^ Jetten AM. Recent advances in the mechanisms of action and physiological functions of the retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs). Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy. 2004, 3 (4): 395–412 [2013-12-01]. PMID 15584888. doi:10.2174/1568010042634497. （原始內容存檔於2013-12-03）.

外部連結

[pmid7926749-1] Giguère V, Tini M, Flock G, Ong E, Evans RM, Otulakowski G. Isoform-specific amino-terminal domains dictate DNA-binding properties of ROR alpha, a novel family of orphan hormone nuclear receptors. Genes Dev. 1994, 8 (5): 538–53. PMID 7926749. doi:10.1101/gad.8.5.538.

[pmid7811290-2] Hirose T, Smith RJ, Jetten AM. ROR gamma: the third member of ROR/RZR orphan receptor subfamily that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994, 205 (3): 1976–83. PMID 7811290. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.2902.

[pmid11550795-3] Jetten AM, Kurebayashi S, Ueda E. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology Volume 69. Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology. 2001, 69: 205–47. ISBN 978-0-12-540069-5. PMID 11550795. doi:10.1016/S0079-6603(01)69048-2. |chapter=被忽略 (幫助)

[pmid7885826-4] Wiesenberg I, Missbach M, Kahlen JP, Schräder M, Carlberg C. Transcriptional activation of the nuclear receptor RZR alpha by the pineal gland hormone melatonin and identification of CGP 52608 as a synthetic ligand. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995, 23 (3): 327–33. PMC 306679  . PMID 7885826. doi:10.1093/nar/23.3.327.

[pmid12467577-5] Kallen JA, Schlaeppi JM, Bitsch F, Geisse S, Geiser M, Delhon I, Fournier B. X-ray structure of the hRORalpha LBD at 1.63 A: structural and functional data that cholesterol or a cholesterol derivative is the natural ligand of RORalpha. Structure. December 2002, 10 (12): 1697–707 [2013-12-01]. PMID 12467577. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(02)00912-7. （原始內容存檔於2019-02-17）.

[pmid12958591-6] Stehlin-Gaon C, Willmann D, Zeyer D, Sanglier S, Van Dorsselaer A, Renaud JP, Moras D, Schüle R. All-trans retinoic acid is a ligand for the orphan nuclear receptor ROR beta. Nat. Struct. Biol. 2003, 10 (10): 820–5. PMID 12958591. doi:10.1038/nsb979.

[pmid15584888-7] Jetten AM. Recent advances in the mechanisms of action and physiological functions of the retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs). Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy. 2004, 3 (4): 395–412 [2013-12-01]. PMID 15584888. doi:10.2174/1568010042634497. （原始內容存檔於2013-12-03）.

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