您好,S22668866!欢迎加入维基百科!
感謝您對維基百科的興趣與貢獻,希望您會喜歡這裡。除了歡迎辭以外,也請您了解以下重要文章:
有问题?請到互助客栈询问,或在我的对话页提出。别忘記:討論後要簽名,方式之一是留下4個波浪紋「 ~~~~ 」。 If you have any questions about the Chinese Wikipedia, please leave a message here. Thank you for visiting!
|
- 閱讀新手应该注意的七种常见错误、理解維基百科的立場與常見注意事項。
- 有任何编辑上的问题?请试试IRC即时讨论。
- 不知道有甚麼可写?条目请求、最多语言版本的待撰条目、缺少的传统百科全书条目和首页的缺失条目中列出了许多维基百科目前还没有的条目,欢迎您来撰寫!
- 希望您能享受共同编写百科的樂趣,成为一名充實的维基百科人。..
-- 用心阁(对话页) 2013年6月1日 (六) 12:03 (UTC)
我沒有增加不實資料,上述申訴於1/12就申訴了,為什麼管理員沒有回覆? WW(留言) 2020年2月3日 (一) 02:25 (UTC)
- 吸毒比人類交配時更愉悅[來源請求],多巴胺增多意味著快感增多?--john doe 120@霍格華茲膜法學院時間魔法 2020年2月3日 (一) 03:44 (UTC)
- ^ Berridge KC (April 2012). "From prediction error to incentive salience: mesolimbic computation of reward motivation". Eur. J. Neurosci. 35 (7): 1124–1143. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.07990.x. PMC 3325516. PMID 22487042. "Here I discuss how mesocorticolimbic mechanisms generate the motivation component of incentive salience. Incentive salience takes Pavlovian learning and memory as one input and as an equally important input takes neurobiological state factors (e.g. drug states, appetite states, satiety states) that can vary independently of learning. Neurobiological state changes can produce unlearned fluctuations or even reversals in the ability of a previously learned reward cue to trigger motivation. Such fluctuations in cue-triggered motivation can dramatically depart from all previously learned values about the associated reward outcome. ... Associative learning and prediction are important contributors to motivation for rewards. Learning gives incentive value to arbitrary cues such as a Pavlovian conditioned stimulus (CS) that is associated with a reward (unconditioned stimulus or UCS). Learned cues for reward are often potent triggers of desires. For example, learned cues can trigger normal appetites in everyone, and can sometimes trigger compulsive urges and relapse in addicts. Cue-triggered 'wanting’ for the UCS A brief CS encounter (or brief UCS encounter) often primes a pulse of elevated motivation to obtain and consume more reward UCS. This is a signature feature of incentive salience. Cue as attractive motivational magnets When a Pavlovian CS+ is attributed with incentive salience it not only triggers 'wanting’ for its UCS, but often the cue itself becomes highly attractive – even to an irrational degree. This cue attraction is another signature feature of incentive salience ... Two recognizable features of incentive salience are often visible that can be used in neuroscience experiments: (i) UCS-directed 'wanting’ – CS-triggered pulses of intensified 'wanting’ for the UCS reward; and (ii) CS-directed 'wanting’ – motivated attraction to the Pavlovian cue, which makes the arbitrary CS stimulus into a motivational magnet."