激怒 (法律)

激怒(英语:provocation)是指一个人在先前发生的一系列事件可能导致一个合理的人丧失自我控制的情况下作出刑事作为。 与有预谋及出于纯粹恶意的行为(预怀恶意)相比,其道德罪责较小。[1][2]

激怒常作为量刑时的减刑因素,但极少充当抗辩理由;意即它不能帮被告人脱罪,但可减轻刑罚。在一些普通法法律体系中,激怒是谋杀控罪的局部免责辩护,可令该罪行被归类为较轻的误杀故意误杀)。[3]

激怒与自卫不同。自卫是一种抗辩,是指纯粹保护自己免受迫切暴力侵犯的正当行动。

参见

参考

  1. ^ Model Penal Codes Commentaries to §210.3 Manslaughter
  2. ^ Criminal Law Cases and Materials, 7th ed 2012; John Kaplan, Robert Weisberg, Guyora Binder
  3. ^ Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 23.

外部链接

  • Reid Griffith Fontaine, Adequate (Non)Provocation and Heat of Passion as Excuse Not Justification, University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, 2008.
  • Reid Griffith Fontaine, The Wrongfulness of Wrongly Interpreting Wrongfulness: Provocation Interpretational Bias and Heat of Passion Homicide, New Criminal Law Review
  • New Zealand Law Commission: The Partial Defence of Provocation: Wellington: New Zealand Law Commission: 2007:ISBN 978-1-877316-37-1