茅草螺属
马蹄螺科的一属软体动物
茅草螺属（学名：Chlorostoma），中国大陆文献通常叫作凹螺属[2]，又或直译作绿口螺属。旧属钟螺科金口螺亚科[3]，现在是瓦螺科的一个海螺的属，属于海洋腹足纲软体动物[4]。根据WoRMS，本属于2020年被认为是瓦螺属的次异名[5]，除化石物种以外，其余物种均已被合并到瓦螺属去[4]。
茅草螺属
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| Three live but retracted individuals of Chlorostoma xanthostigma. | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 软体动物门 Mollusca |
| 纲： | 腹足纲 Gastropoda |
| 目： | 钟螺目 Trochida |
| 总科： | 钟螺总科 Trochoidea |
| 科： | 钟螺科 Trochidae |
| 亚科： | 金口螺亚科 Chrysostomatinae |
| 属： | 茅草螺属 Chlorostoma Swainson, 1840[1]:218, 219, 350 |
形态描述
The solid, conical shell is umbilicate or imperforate. The spire is elevated or depressed. The oblique 壳口 is subrhomboidal. The outer lip is smooth within. The arcuate columella is above continued in a callus over or halfway around the umbilicus, which when open shows one or more spiral ribs inside. The base of the columella shows two or more denticles.[6]
物种
以下物种旧属本属：
- 黑钟螺 Chlorostoma argyrostomum (Gmelin, 1791)
- Chlorostoma lischkei (Tapparone-Canefri, 1874)
- Chlorostoma xanthostigma A. Adams, 1853
- 异名
- Chlorostoma achates Gould, 1861: synonym of 普氏凹螺 (Philiippi, 1846)
- Chlorostoma argyrostoma lischkei (Tapparone-Canefri, C.E., 1874): synonym of Chlorostoma lischkei (Tapparone-Canefri, 1874)
- Chlorostoma atra (Lesson, R.P., 1830): synonym of Tegula atra (Lesson, 1830)
- Chlorostoma barkeri Bartsch, P. & H.A. Rehder, 1939: synonym of Tegula snodgrassi (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1902)
- Chlorostoma brunnea (Philippi, 1848): synonym of Tegula brunnea (Philippi, 1849)
- Chlorostoma cooksoni (Smith, 1877): synonym of Tegula cooksoni (Smith, 1877)
- Chlorostoma coronulatum C. B. Adams, Pilsbry, 1889: synonym of Tegula mariana (Dall, 1919)
- Chlorostoma euryomphalus (Jonas, 1844): synonym of Tegula euryomphala (Jonas, 1844)
- Chlorostoma excavata Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Tegula excavata (Lamarck, 1822)
- Chlorostoma fasciata Born, 1778: synonym of Tegula fasciata (Born, 1778)
- Chlorostoma funebrale A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Tegula funebralis (A. Adams, 1855)
- Chlorostoma funebralis (A. Adams, 1855): synonym of Tegula funebralis (A. Adams, 1855)
- Chlorostoma gallina Forbes, 1850: synonym of Tegula gallina (Forbes, 1850)
- Chlorostoma impressum Jonas: synonym of Tegula corvus (Philippi, 1850)
- Chlorostoma luctuosum (d'Orbigny, 1841): synonym of Tegula luctuosa (d'Orbigny, 1841)
- Chlorostoma melaleucos (Jonas, 1844): synonym of Tegula melaleucos (Jonas, 1844)
- Chlorostoma montereyi (Kiener, 1850): synonym of Tegula montereyi (Kiener, 1850)
- Chlorostoma nigricolor Dunker, R.W., 1860: synonym of Chlorostoma xanthostigma A. Adams, 1853
- Chlorostoma orbignyana Pilsbry, H.A., 1900: synonym of Tegula patagonica (Orbigny, A.V.M.D. d', 1835)
- Chlorostoma panamensis (Philippi, 1849): synonym of Tegula panamensis (Philippi, 1849)
- Chlorostoma pellisserpentis (Wood, 1828): synonym of Tegula pellisserpentis (Wood, 1828)
- 普氏凹螺 Chlorostoma pfeifferi (Philippi, 1846)：今作Tegula pfeifferi (Philiippi, 1846)
- Chlorostoma pulligo (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Tegula pulligo (Gmelin, 1791)
- Chlorostoma quadricostatum (W. Wood, 1828): synonym of Tegula quadricostata (W. Wood, 1828)
- Chlorostoma rugosum A. Adams, 1851: synonym of Tegula rugosa (A. Adams, 1851)
- Chlorostoma scalaris Philippi, 1844: synonym of Tegula lividomaculata (C. B. Adams, 1845)
- Chlorostoma snodgrassi (Pilsbry, H.A. & E.G. Vanatta, 1902): synonym of Tegula snodgrassi (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1902)
- Chlorostoma tridentata (Potiez, V.L.V. & A.L.G. Michaud, 1838): synonym of Tegula tridentata (Potiez & Michaud, 1838)
- Chlorostoma tropidophorum A. Adams, 1851: synonym of Tegula luctuosa (d'Orbigny, 1841)
- Chlorostoma turbinatum A. Adams: synonym of Tegula lividomaculata (C. B. Adams, 1845)
- Chlorostoma viridulum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Tegula viridula (Gmelin, 1791)
参考文献
- ^ Swainson, W. A treatise on malacology; or the natural classification of shells and shell-fish. Longman, London. 1840: viii + 419 pp. （英语）.
- ^ 中国科学院中国动物志编辑委员会主编；董正之编著 (编). 中国动物志. 无脊椎动物 第29卷 软体动物门 腹足纲 原始腹足目 马蹄螺总科. 科学出版社. 2002: 210页 [2018-08-21]. ISBN 9787030095091. （原始内容存档于2018-10-03） （中文（简体））.
- ^ Williams, S.T.; Donald, K.M.; Spencer, H.G.; Nakano, T. Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution: 783–809. [2018-04-02]. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.11.008. （原始内容存档于2019-10-15） （英语）.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Dekker H, Auffenberg K, Bouchet P, Vanden Berghe E. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Chlorostoma Swainson, 1840. MolluscaBase. 2024-11-23 [2024-12-20] –通过WoRMS.
- ^ Yamazaki, D.; Hirano, T.; Chiba, S.; Fukuda, H. A new replacement name for Chlorostoma lischkei Pilsbry, 1889 (not of Tapparone-Canefri, 1874) (Vetigastropoda: Trochida: Tegulidae). Molluscan Research. 2020, 40 (4): 327–344. doi:10.1080/13235818.2020.1831716 （英语）.
- ^ Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
- Williams S.T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (2008) Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined. Zoologica Scripta 37: 483–506
- WoRMS info on the genus