大气河流
大气河流，或又称为大气长河，是大气中由高浓度水蒸气形成的狭窄区域。大气河流经由狭窄通路输送水蒸气，通常沿著大面积流动的空气的边界，例如与在海洋上形成的热带气旋相关的一些区域。[1][2][3][4][5][6]凤梨急流是最知名的大气河流，因从盛产凤梨的夏威夷群岛将水气带到美国西岸而得名。[7][8]
参考来源
- ^ 研究「空中河流」的飛行傳感器. [2017-09-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-27）.
- ^ 气象学: 通过“大气河流”进行早期洪涝预报[永久失效链接]
- ^ Zhu, Yong; Reginald E. Newell. Atmospheric rivers and bombs (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 1994, 21 (18): 1999–2002 [2017-09-14]. Bibcode:1994GeoRL..21.1999Z. doi:10.1029/94GL01710. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-06-10）.
- ^ Zhu, Yong; Reginald E. Newell. A Proposed Algorithm for Moisture Fluxes from Atmospheric Rivers. Monthly Weather Review. 1998, 126 (3): 725–735 [2017-09-14]. Bibcode:1998MWRv..126..725Z. ISSN 1520-0493. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<0725:APAFMF>2.0.CO;2. （原始内容存档于2017-07-04）.
- ^ Kerr, Richard A. Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding The World With Tropical Waters (PDF). Science. 28 July 2006, 313 (5786): 435 [2017-09-14]. PMID 16873624. doi:10.1126/science.313.5786.435. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-06-29）.
- ^ White, Allen B.; et al. The NOAA coastal atmospheric river observatory. 34th Conference on Radar Meteorology. 2009-10-08 [2017-09-14]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-04）.
- ^ Dettinger, Michael. Climate Change, Atmospheric Rivers, and Floods in California – A Multimodel Analysis of Storm Frequency and Magnitude Changes1. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 2011-06-01, 47 (3): 514–523 [2017-09-14]. Bibcode:2011JAWRA..47..514D. ISSN 1752-1688. doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00546.x. （原始内容存档于2017-10-02） （英语）.
- ^ Dettinger, Michael D.; Ralph, Fred Martin; Das, Tapash; Neiman, Paul J.; Cayan, Daniel R. Atmospheric Rivers, Floods and the Water Resources of California. Water. 2011-03-24, 3 (2): 445–478 [2017-09-14]. doi:10.3390/w3020445. （原始内容存档于2017-10-02） （英语）.