小目
小目是围棋棋盘上第三线和第四线的交叉点，一个角落有两个，整个棋盘中共有八个位置称作小目。（如以棋盘左上角作(1,1)算起，这八个点的座标位置分别是(3,4)(4,3)(3,16)(4,17)(16,3)(16,17)(17,4)(17,16)）
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小目因为兼具第三线的重视实利以及第四线重视外势的两个优点，因此成为围棋开局占角时经常下的位置。在19世纪及以前的日本围棋比赛中，因较重视实利，因此大多数的开局都是以占小目开局，（当时的中国围棋规则是采用星位的座子，因此不可能先占小目）尤其秀策流布局，更是以执黑先下时，连占三个角的小目而著名。
20世纪上半叶，受新布局观念的影响，大家开始较为重视外势，因此占角时下在星位，甚至目外、高目的情形变多。根据统计，近年来的棋赛中，先占星位和小目的比例大致相当。
虽然小目和星位在现代围棋中同样受到重视，但星位因为左右对称，因此占角、挂角之后的变化较为简单，而小目的变化较为复杂，也因此现今所有的定式中，小目定式的数量最为庞大而复杂。
张栩定式
小目高挂一间低夹托退后直接拆二的下法，是由张栩最早普及的，被称之“张栩定式”。这手棋也被现代AI所认可。
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