布莱克本飞机有限公司
布莱克本飞机有限公司是一家英国飞机航空工业制造商,在20世纪上半叶主要生产海军飞机与水上飞机。
布莱克本飞机有限公司 | |
---|---|
公司类型 | 私人股份有限责任公司 ![]() |
公司结局 | 收购合并 |
后继机构 | 霍克·西德利 |
成立 | 1914 |
结束 | 1960 |
创办人 | 罗伯特·布莱克本 ![]() |
总部 | 东约克郡布拉夫 |
产业 | 航空器、航空发动机 |
所有权者 | 霍克·西德利飞机公司 ![]() |
母公司 | 霍克·西德利飞机公司 ![]() |
History
罗伯特·布莱克本1908年在利兹创办公司开始制造飞机。1914年公司的奥林匹亚工厂在朗德海开办。[1][2]
1914年布莱克本飞机与发动机公司开办。[3] 1916年在东约克郡布拉夫创办新工厂。[4] 罗伯特的兄弟诺曼·布莱克本成为董事总经理。1937年并购了Cirrus-Hermes,布莱克本公司由此开始生产飞机发动机,即Blackburn Cirrus系列。[5][6]
1949年合并了英国通用飞机有限公司,改名为“布莱克本与通用飞机有限公司”。[7]1958年又改回布莱克本飞机有限公司。
1960年与1961年,布莱克本公司的飞机制造与发动机制造分别并入了霍克·西德利与布里斯托·西德利发动机有限公司。[3]布莱克本的名字在1963年彻底废弃。[8]
飞机产品清单
- Blackburn First Monoplane (1909) – Single-engine, single-seat high-wing monoplane aircraft
- Blackburn Second Monoplane (1911) – Single-engine midwing monoplane aircraft.
- Blackburn Mercury (1911) – Single-engine, two-seat midwing monoplane training aircraft[9]
- Blackburn Type B (1912) – Single-engine, two-seat midwing monoplane training aircraft. A development of the Blackburn Mercury
- Blackburn Type D (1912) – Single-engine single-seat mid-winged monoplane. Preserved in flying condition by the Shuttleworth Collection at Old Warden, and survives as the oldest British-built aircraft.
- Blackburn Type E (1912) – Single-engine, midwing metal-framed monoplanes, one single-seater one twin.
- Blackburn Type I (1913) – Single-engine 1/2-seat mid-wing monoplane built both as land- and seaplane.
- Blackburn Type L (1914) – Single-engine two-seat biplane seaplane.
- AD Scout (1915) – Admiralty designed single-engine, single-seat pusher anti-Zeppelin aircraft. Two each built by Blackburn and by Hewlett & Blondeau.
- Blackburn Twin Blackburn (1915) – Twin-fuselage, two-engine, two-seat anti-Zeppelin seaplane.
- Blackburn General Purpose (1916) – Twin-engine three-seat seaplane biplane anti-submarine patrol bomber.
- Blackburn Triplane (1916) – Blackburn-designed triplane version of Scout
- Blackburn White Falcon (1916) – Single-engine two-seat mid-wing monoplane.
- Blackburn R.T.1 Kangaroo (1918) – Twin-engine, three-seat biplane reconnaissance/torpedo bomber[9]
- Blackburn N.1B (1918) – Single-engine single-seat biplane flying boat escort bomber (started; not finished; never flew).
- Blackburn Blackburd (1918) – Single-engine, single-seat biplane torpedo bomber[10]
- Blackburn Sidecar (1919) Single-engine two-seat mid wing monoplane ultra light: may not have flown.
- Blackburn T.1 Swift (1920) – Single-engine, single-seat floatplane torpedo bomber[9]
- Blackburn T.2 Dart (1921) – Single-engine, single-seat biplane torpedo bomber[9]
- Alula D.H.6 (1921) – Experimental aircraft to test the Alula wing using an Airco DH.6 fuselage.
- Alula Semiquaver (1921) – Single-engine Alula wing conversion of the Martinsyde Semiquaver.
- Blackburn R.1 Blackburn (1922) – Single-engine, three-seat biplane naval spotter/reconnaissance aircraft.
- Blackburn Pellet (1923) – Single-engine single-seat biplane Schneider racer.
- Blackburn Bluebird (1924) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane training/touring aircraft
- Blackburn T.4 Cubaroo (1924) – Single-engine, four-seat large biplane torpedo bomber.
- Blackburn T.3 Velos (1925) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane bomber floatplane[11]
- Blackburn R.2 Airedale (1925) – Single-engine three-seat high-wing monoplane reconnaissance.
- Blackburn T.5 Ripon (1926) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane reconnaissance/torpedo bomber[11]
- Blackburn Sprat (1926) single-engine two-seat biplane advanced trainer.
- Blackburn R.B.1 Iris (1926) – Three-engine, five-seat biplane flying boat[9]
- Blackburn F.1 Turcock (1928) – Single-engine fighter aircraft.
- Blackburn F.2 Lincock (1928) – Single-engine, single-seat biplane fighter.
- Blackburn Beagle (1928) – Single-engine two-seat two-seat biplane bomber.
- Blackburn Bluebird IV (1929) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane training/touring aircraft.
- Blackburn 2F.1 Nautilus (1929) – Single-engine two-seat engine biplane fighter
- Blackburn T.7B (1929) – Single-engine three-seat biplane bomber/reconnaissance for Japanese Navy.
- Blackburn R.B.2 Sydney (1930) – Three-engine, four-seat parasol-wing long-range flying boat.
- Blackburn C.B.2 Nile (1930) – Three-engine, two-seat parasol-wing cargo transport, a variant of the Sydney.
- Blackburn B-1 Segrave (1930) – Twin-engine, four-seat low-wing monoplane touring aircraft[12]
- Blackburn C.A.15C (1932) – Twin-engine ten passenger high-wing monoplane/ biplane airliner.
- Blackburn T.8 Baffin (1932) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane torpedo bomber.
- Blackburn B-2 (1932) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane training aircraft.
- Blackburn B-3 M.1/30 (1932) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane naval torpedo bomber.
- Blackburn B-5 Baffin[11] (1932)
- Blackburn R.B.3 Perth (1933) – Three-engine, five-seat biplane flying boat.
- Blackburn T.9 Shark (1933) – single-engine, three-seat carrier-based biplane torpedo bomber; see also the prototype named Blackburn B-6 Shark[11] (1933)
- Blackburn F.3 (1934) – Single-engine single-seat biplane fighter: built, never flew[13]
- Blackburn B-7 (1934) – General-purpose biplane.
- Blackburn B-9 (H.S.T. 10) (1936) – Twin-engine twelve-passenger low-wing monoplane airliner: built, never flew
- Blackburn B-24 Skua (1937) – Single-engine, two-seat low-wing monoplane naval fighter/dive bomber[14]
- Blackburn B-25 Roc (1938) – Single-engine, two-seat low-wing monoplane naval fighter/dive bomber with rear turret (built by Boulton Paul Aircraft)[14]
- Blackburn B-26 Botha (1938) – Twin-engine, four-seat high-wing monoplane reconnaissance/torpedo bomber & crew trainer[14]
- Blackburn B-29: Submission for a naval torpedo-bomber reconnaissance aircraft to Specification S.24/37 (which resulted in the Fairey Barracuda); mock-up only, never flew.
- Blackburn B-20 (1940) – Twin-engine, six-seat experimental monoplane retractable-hull flying boat.
- Blackburn B-37 Firebrand F Mk.I (1942) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval fighter[15]
- Blackburn B.44 (1942) – Single-engine flying-boat fighter
- Blackburn B-45 Firebrand TF Mk.II (1943) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval strike fighter.
- Blackburn B-46 Firebrand TF Mk.IV (1945) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval strike fighter.
- Blackburn B-48 Firecrest (Y.A.1) (1947) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval strike fighter.
- Blackburn B-50 (1945) – Design proposal for a single engine Nene powered Fleet Air Arm strike fighter. Not built.[16]
- Blackburn B-52 – Design proposal for a single-engined advanced trainer to meet Specification T.7/45. Not built.
- Blackburn B-67 (1947) – Design proposal for a naval fighter to specification N40/46. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-68 (1946) – Design proposal for a naval fighter. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-71 (1947) – Design proposal for a flexible deck landing version of B.67. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-74 (1947) – Design proposal for a naval fighter. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-54 (Y.A.5, Y.A.7, Y.A.8) (1949) – single-piston-engine, two-seat contra-rotating propeller naval anti-submarine aircraft.
- Blackburn B-82 (1949) – Design proposal for a naval fighter to specification N.14/49.[17]
- Blackburn B-88 (Y.B.1) (1950) – single-turboprop-engine, two-seat contra-rotating propeller naval anti-submarine aircraft
- Blackburn B-89 (1951) – Submission for a naval fighter to specification N.114T.[17]
- Blackburn B-90 (1951) – Design proposal for an experimental swing wing aircraft to ER.110T. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-94 (1951) – Design proposal for a flexible deck landing version of B.90. Not built.[17]
- Handley Page HP.88 (Blackburn Y.B.2) (1951) – Experimental aircraft for Handley Page using a Supermarine-built fuselage.
- Blackburn B-95 (1952) – Design proposal for a revised version of B.89.[17]
- Blackburn B-97 (1952) – Design proposal for a rocket powered fighter to specification F.124T. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-99 (1952) – Development of N.97. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-101 Beverley (1950) – four-engine, high-wing, propellers, transport airplane (designed by General Aircraft)[9]
- Blackburn B-102 (1952) – Design proposal for a mixed powerplant fighter based on B.89 and B.95. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-103 Buccaneer (Y.B.3) (1958) – twin-engine, two-seat jet naval strike aircraft to specification NA.39[9]
- Blackburn B-109 (1958) – Design proposal for a Mach 1.5 strike fighter version of the Buccaneer for the Canadian Air Force. Not built.[17]
- Blackburn B-112 (1958) – Design proposal for a Mach 1.5 fighter version of the Buccaneer for the Royal Navy. Not built.[18]
- Blackburn B-117 (1960) – Design proposal for a high attitude fighter version of the Buccaneer. Not built.[18]
- Blackburn B-120 (1962) – Design proposal for a Mach 1.8 fighter version of the Buccaneer. Not built.[18]
活塞发动机
- Blackburn Cirrus Major (1936)
- Blackburn Cirrus Minor (1937)
- Blackburn Cirrus Midget (1937)
- Blackburn Cirrus Bombardier (c. 1954)
涡轮发动机
- Blackburn-Turbomeca Artouste (1947)
- Blackburn-Turbomeca Palas (1950)
- Blackburn-Turbomeca Palouste (1952)
- Blackburn-Turbomeca A.129 (later known as the Bristol Siddeley Nimbus, then Rolls-Royce Nimbus) (1958)
参见
参考文献
- ^ Roundhay Ward Neighbourhood Design Statement. leeds.gov.uk: 9. October 2010 [20 November 2017]. (原始内容存档于2020-01-31).
- ^ Fraser, Derek. VI: Industrial Development, 1780–1914. The History of Modern Leeds. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 1980: 164. ISBN 0-7190-0781-X.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Unsung hero who reached for the sky gets another chance to fly high again. The Yorkshire Post. 18 July 2013 [20 November 2017]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-27).
- ^ Mistry, Pritti. End of an era for Brough workers. BBC News. 1 March 2012 [20 November 2017]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-27).
- ^ Bridgman 1943,第10d页.
- ^ Sherry, Alan M. The Blackburn, Dumbarton's Aircraft Factory. Catrine, Ayrshire: Stenlake Publishing. 1996: 9–10. ISBN 9781872074825.
- ^ Halpenny 1982,第33页.
- ^ Historic bi-plane in flying visit. BBC News. 18 September 2015 [20 November 2017]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-28).
- ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 Blackburn, Robert. Obituary: Jessica Blackburn. The Independent. 22 May 1995 [20 November 2017]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-27).
- ^ Mason, Francis K. The British Bomber Since 1914. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books. 1994: 28. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.
- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Gunston, Bill. World encyclopedia of aircraft manufacturers : from the pioneers to the present day 2. Stroud: Sutton. 2005: 61. ISBN 0-7509-3981-8.
- ^ Halpenny 1982,第32页.
- ^ Halpenny 1982,第32–33页.
- ^ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Bridgman 1943,第12c页.
- ^ Abraham 2002,第109页.
- ^ Buttler, page 301.
- ^ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 Buttler, page 302.
- ^ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Buttler, page 303.
- Abraham, Barry. Post-War Yorkshire Airfields. Stroud: Tempus. 2002. ISBN 0-7524-2390-8.
- Bridgman, Leonard. Jane's all the world's aircraft, 1942. New York: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co. 1943. OCLC 26177288.
- Buttler, Tony. British Secret Projects : Jet Fighters since 1950 ( 2nd edition) (Hardback). Manchester: Crecy Publishing. 2017. ISBN 978-1-910-80905-1.
- Halpenny, Bruce Barrymore. Action Stations 4; Military Airfields of Yorkshire. Cambridge: Patrick Stephens Ltd. 1982. ISBN 0-85059-532-0.
- Otter, Patrick. Yorkshire Airfields in the Second World War 4. Newbury: Countryside Books. 2003. ISBN 1-85306-542-0.
外部链接
- The history of Blackburn Aircraft Ltd. (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 有关布莱克本飞机有限公司在德国经济学中央图书馆(ZBW)20世纪新闻档案中的Documents and clippings。