维基百科

氢吗啡酮

氢吗啡酮（英语：hydromorphone，也称为二氢吗啡酮，dihydromorphinone，商品名：Dilaudid）是一种含氮有机化合物，化学式C17H19NO3，是一种用于缓解中度至重度疼痛的吗啡喃类阿片药物[5]。

氢吗啡酮
Structural formula of hydromorphone
Space-filling model of hydromorphone
临床资料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）Dilaudid, Palladone, others
其他名称Dihydromorphinone
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682013
核准状况
怀孕分级
依赖性High[2]
成瘾性High[3]
给药途径By mouth, intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous
药物类别（英语：Drug class）Opioid
ATC码
法律规范状态
法律规范
药物动力学数据
生物利用度By mouth: 30–35%, Intranasal: 52–58%,[4] IV/IM: 100%
血浆蛋白结合率20%
药物代谢肝
药效起始时间（英语：Onset of action）15-30分钟[5]
生物半衰期2–3 hours[6]
作用时间4 to 5 hrs[5]
排泄途径Kidney
识别信息
  • 4,5-α-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl morphinan-6-one
CAS号466-99-9  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.006.713 编辑维基数据链接
化学信息
化学式C17H19NO3
摩尔质量285.34 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））
水溶性HCl salt: 333
  • O=C4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1O)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@H]3CC4)C
  • InChI=1S/C17H19NO3/c1-18-7-6-17-10-3-5-13(20)16(17)21-15-12(19)4-2-9(14(15)17)8-11(10)18/h2,4,10-11,16,19H,3,5-8H2,1H3/t10-,11+,16-,17-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-N checkY

该药物通常用于缓解癌症导致的剧痛，以口服或静脉、肌肉、皮下注射施用，药效在施用后30分钟作用，可持续5小时左右。哺乳或怀孕者禁用本药。该药物列名世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单[8]。在2021年，该药物名列美国最常处方药排名第261名。

参考文献

  1. ^ Hydromorphone Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 19 November 2019 [16 May 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-26）. 
  2. ^ Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [2024-02-12]. ISBN 9781455701506. （原始内容存档于2023-01-10） （英语）. 
  3. ^ Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [20 August 2019]. ISBN 9781455701506. （原始内容存档于10 January 2023）. 
  4. ^ Coda BA, Rudy AC, Archer SM, Wermeling DP. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy volunteers. Anesthesia and Analgesia. July 2003, 97 (1): 117–23, table of contents. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.551.6509  . PMID 12818953. S2CID 22694749. doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000066311.40978.4F. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [15 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-01） （英语）. 
  6. ^ Vallner JJ, Stewart JT, Kotzan JA, Kirsten EB, Honigberg IL. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydromorphone following intravenous and oral administration to human subjects. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. April 1981, 21 (4): 152–156. PMID 6165742. S2CID 29864565. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb05693.x. 
  7. ^ Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control]. Diário Oficial da União. 31 March 2023 (4 April 2023) [16 August 2023]. （原始内容存档于3 August 2023） （巴西葡萄牙语）. 
  8. ^ World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. hdl:10665/371090  . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02. 

外部链接

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