氰基磷杂乙炔
化合物
氰基磷杂乙炔是一种不稳定的分子，结构式为N≡C–C≡P，它为氰分子的一个氮原子被磷原子取代的产物，它可以以稀释气体的形式制备。它也是一种星际物质。[1]其异构体尚属未知，可能有C≡N-C≡P（异氰基磷杂乙炔）、C=C=N≡P（azaphosphadicarbon）及N≡C-P=C（异氰基磷杂vinylidene）。[2]
| 氰基磷杂乙炔 | |
|---|---|
| |
| IUPAC名 2-phosphanylidyneacetonitrile | |
| 别名 | 1,4-azaphosphabutadiyne; C–Cyanophosphaethyne; phosphinidyneacetonitrile; cyanophosphapropyne |
| 识别 | |
| CAS号 | 74896-22-3 
|
| PubChem | 12758601 |
| ChemSpider | 35786589 |
| SMILES |
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| 性质 | |
| 化学式 | C2NP |
| 摩尔质量 | 69 g·mol−1 |
| 若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |
该分子的对称性为C∞v。[3]
制备
氰基磷杂乙炔可由叠氮化氰和磷杂乙炔加热反应得到；[4]或者通过乙腈和三氯化磷反应产生：
- CH3CN + PCl3 → NCCP + 3HCl.[5]
性质
氰基磷杂乙炔分子的偶极矩为3.5 D，[4]这使得该分子比其他许多含磷的分子更容易被光谱检测。[4]它的微波谱已被观测到。[6][5]分子的键长为：C≡N = 1.159 Å，C-C = 1.378 Å以及C≡P = 1.544 Å。[4]
参考文献
- ^ Agúndez, Marcelino; Cernicharo, José; Guélin, Michel. New molecules in IRC +10216: confirmation of C5S and tentative identification of MgCCH, NCCP, and SiH3CN. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 15 October 2014, 570: A45. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424542.
- ^ Pham-Tran, Nguyen-Nguyen; Hajgató, Balázs; Veszpre´mi, Tamás; Tho Nguyen, Minh. Theoretical study of cyanophosphapropyne (NCCP), isocyanophosphapropyne (CNCP) and their isomers: stability and properties. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2001, 3 (9): 1588–1597. doi:10.1039/b100463h.
- ^ Kwon, Ohyun; McKee, Michael L. Theoretical Calculations on the NCCP Potential Energy Surface. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. January 2001, 105 (2): 478–483. doi:10.1021/jp0031855.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Cooper, Terry A.; Kroto, Harold W.; Nixon, John F.; Ohashi, Osamu. Detection of C-cyanophosphaethyne, N≡C–C≡P, by microwave spectroscopy. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1980, 0 (8): 333–334. doi:10.1039/C39800000333.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Bizzocchi, Luca; Thorwirth, Sven; Müller, Holger S.P.; Lewen, Frank; Winnewisser, Gisbert. Submillimeter-Wave Spectroscopy of Phosphaalkynes: HCCCP, NCCP, HCP, and DCP. Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. January 2001, 205 (1): 110–116. doi:10.1006/jmsp.2000.8234.
- ^ Bizzocchi, L.; Degli Esposti, C.; Thorwirth, S.; Müller, H. S. P.; Lewen, F.; Winnewisser, G. Rotational spectroscopy of C-cyanophosphaethyne, NCCP, in states of multiple vibrational excitation. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2001, 3 (17): 3490–3498. doi:10.1039/B102775C.