法式离场
法式离场(French leave) 意指未征得同意甚或未知会在场其他人士即迳自退场。[1]在宴会中悄无声息地离去以避免主人留客即是一例。军人擅离职守也算数。[2]
该词汇首见于1771年英法文化交相影响之时。
一开始的用法
牛津英文字典释义:客人(18世纪见用于法国,英国稍后沿用)离开婚宴而未向男女主人告辞。打趣用法为不告而别或先斩后奏。[5]该字典称首次见用为:1771 SMOLLETT Humph. Cl. (1895) 238 他偷偷拐跑了个爱尔兰人的新娘,随即不辞而别。[6]
在美加,其用词为爱尔兰式再见(Irish goodbye / Irish exit)[7]
军事用语
该词亦有军中混日子开小差之义[8],沿用自英法相争时期。西班牙语中,此词也以法国为对象(despedida a la francesa),可能始自拿破仑于伊比利半岛从事半岛战争时,法军当时与西葡联军为敌。
其他语言
- 捷克语: zmizet po anglicku (英式离场)
- 法语: filer à l'anglaise (英式离场)
- 德语: sich (auf) französisch empfehlen,同义einen französischen Abschied nehmen (法式离场)或einen polnischen Abgang machen (波式离场)
- 匈牙利语: angolosan távozni (英式离场)
- 义大利语: andarsene all'inglese (英式离场)
- 波兰语: wyjść po angielsku (英式离场)
- 罗马尼亚语: a o sterge englezeste (英式离场)
- 乌克兰语: піти по-англійськи (pity po-anhliysʹky) (英式离场)
- 葡萄牙语: saída à francesa (法式离场)
- 俄语: уйти по-английски (ujti po-anglijski) (英式离场)
- 西班牙语: despedida a la francesa (法式再见(goodbye in the French way), 法式告别(French farewell))
- 瓦隆语: spiter a l'inglesse (英式离场)
参见
- ^ Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (Millennium Edition; London: Cassell, 1999)
- ^ Parkinson, Judy. From Hue & Cry to Humble Pie. Michael O'Mara Books. 2000: 80. ISBN 9780760735817.
- ^ Anu Garg's A.Word.A.Day, September 8, 2008. http://wordsmith.org/words/chinese_puzzle.html (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Filer à l'anglaise. Francparler. [September 7, 2012]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-08).
- ^ "the custom (in the 18th century prevalent in France and sometimes imitated in England) of going away from a reception, etc. without taking leave of the host or hostess. Hence, jocularly, to take French leave is to go away, or do anything, without permission or notice."
- ^ "He stole away an Irishman's bride, and took a French leave of me and his master".
- ^ Seth Stevenson. Don't say goodbye. Slate.com. 3 July 2013 [2020-09-26]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-26).
- ^ For the usage, see for example The war memoirs of Commandant Ludwig Krause 1899-1900, Cape Town 1996, p. 65.
7. Proust, “Time Regained,” pg. 205 translation by Stephen Hudson, “As taking French leave, she passed me, I bowed and she, taking my hand, fixed her round violet orbs upon me...”