熔结凝灰岩

熔结凝灰岩(英语:Ignimbrite)是一种硬化凝灰岩。 由矿物结晶,岩石碎片和玻璃碎片基质组成的火成岩 [1].

阿根廷圣胡安省的熔结凝灰岩
熔结凝灰岩断面的显微镜照片

它是火山碎屑密度流的沉积物,由火山喷发出的热气体中,所含的悬浮颗粒,因为其密度高于周围大气。向下快速流动,而造成的沉积物 [2]。熔结凝灰岩由火山灰和浮石混合物组成,通常带有岩石碎片。火山灰由玻璃碎片和结晶片组成 [3]

参考文献

  1. ^ Le Maitre, R. W., ed. (2002). Igneous Rocks: A Classification and Glossary of Terms. New York, United States: Cambridge University Press. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-511-06651-1.
  2. ^ Branney, M. J.; Kokelaar, B. P. (2002). Pyroclastic Density Currents and the Sedimentation of Ignimbrites. Bath: The Geological Society. ISBN 1-86239-097-5.
  3. ^ Freundt, A. (1999). "Formation of high-grade ignimbrites Part II. A pyroclastic suspension current model with implications also for low-grade ignimbrites". Bulletin of Volcanology. 60 (7): 545–567. Bibcode:1999BVol...60..545F. doi:10.1007/s004450050251.