白额鹱
一种鸟类
白额鹱(学名:Calonectris leucomelas)为鹱形目鹱科丽鹱属的鸟类,又名大水薙鸟、大灰鹱。该物种的模式产地在日本海。[1]
白额鹱 | |
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科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 鸟纲 Aves |
目: | 鹱形目 Procellariiformes |
科: | 鹱科 Procellariidae |
属: | 猛鹱属 Calonectris |
种: | 白额鹱 C. leucomelas
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二名法 | |
Calonectris leucomelas |
成鸟平均长度为48 cm(19英寸),翼展为122 cm(48英寸)。
描述
大水薙鸟属于远洋环境海鸟,主要以鱼类和鱿鱼为食。它会跟随渔船,被日本附近的鳀鱼群吸引,已知会作为网中的副渔获被捕获或在长线渔具上吞食饵料时淹死。
大水薙鸟在地洞中筑巢。它偏好有树林的丘陵地区。
分布
这种鸟类是远洋环境的,但也在近岸水域出现。分布于日本、菲律宾、印度尼西亚以及澳大利亚北部的海域中以及中国各海区等地,多见于海滨一带以及繁殖于海边岩穴中。在日本和朝鲜半岛筑巢,主要在离岸岛屿。[2][3][4][note 1][note 2] 繁殖后,大水薙鸟向南迁徙,在新几内亚北部、阿拉弗拉海和南中国海的海域觅食。[2] 大水薙鸟也有在美国西海岸远处,[5]跟印度南部海岸,[6]以及来自新西兰被发现的报告。[7]还有在怀俄明州收集到的一个标本记录。[8]
备注
- ^ See figure 1 in Hart 2015,第56页 for a Korean distribution map.
- ^ South Korean breeding sites include Sasu Island (사수도) and Chilbal Island (칠발도) where they are threatened by rat depredation. Lee, Kyung-gyu; Yoo, Jeong-chil. Breeding Population of Streaked Shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) and the Effect of Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Predation on Sasudo Island. Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 2002, 33 (2): 142–147. doi:10.3312/jyio1952.33.142 .; Nam, Ki-Baek; Lee, Kyung-Gyu; Hwang, Jae-Woong; Yoo, Jeong-Chil. Variation in Breeding Burrows of Streaked Shearwaters Breeding in Sasu Island, and Predation Rates by Norway Rats. Ocean and Polar Research. 2014, 36 (1): 49–57. doi:10.4217/OPR.2014.36.1.049 .
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 中国科学院动物研究所. 白额鹱. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-04]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Yamamoto, Takashi; et al. At-sea distribution and behavior of streaked shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) during the nonbreeding period. Auk. 2010, 127 (4): 871–881. S2CID 85046196. doi:10.1525/auk.2010.10029 .
- ^ Sugawa, Hisashi; Karino, Kiyotaka; Ohshiro, Akio; Hirai, Masashi. Long-term trends in breeding site fidelity of streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas (PDF). Marine Ornithology. 2014, 42: 11–15. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于6 March 2017).
- ^ Hart, Kirk A.; et al. Streaked Shearwaters Calonectris leucomelas of the Korean Peninsula: Distribution, status and potential threats. Forktail. 2015, 31: 55–63.
- ^ Herrick, Samuel F.; Hanan, Doyle A. A review of California entangling net fisheries, 1981-1986. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS SWFC-108. Southwest Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. 1988.
- ^ Praveen, J. Pelagic offshore birding from Southern India 2013. Sea Swallow. 2014, 63: 46–48.
- ^ Robertson, Christopher John Rutherford; Bell, Ben D. Seabird status and conservation in the New Zealand region. Croxall, John Patrick; et al (编). Status and Conservation of the World's Seabirds. ICBP Technical Publication no. 2. Cambridge, England: International Council for Bird Preservation. 1984: 573–586. ISBN 978-0-946888-03-0.
- ^ Howell, Steve N.G.; Patteson, J. Brian; Shearwater, Debra (2012). Petrels, Albatrosses, and Storm-Petrels of North America: A Photographic Guide. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-14211-4.
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