美国自由意志党派系
概述
尽管自由意志党被描述为“左翼自由意志主义”或“右翼自由意志主义”,但该党党员并不认同使用这些术语来定义其政治理念。[1][2][3][4]
派系历史
一个由古典自由主义者、最小国家主义者和无政府资本主义者所组建的美国泛政治联盟改组成了现在的自由意志党;尽管该党党内还有许多其他较小派系,但是它们在党内没有什么重大影响。1974年,当时党内较大的最小国家主义派和次大的无政府资本主义派在达拉斯联合召开了自由意志党全国代表大会并在会上达成了《达拉斯协议(Dallas Accord)》。这是一份隐含党内派系间相符妥协的协议;协议达成了一项纲领,但并没有明确说明是否继续保留“国家”这个形式。[5][6][7]
多年来,无政府资本主义派的确在自由意志党党内与最小国家主义派辩论乃至发生冲突。[8] 当随着自由意志党激进核心小组的重新走上正规,无政府主义派系开始出现上升势头。在罗恩·保罗寻求1988年美国总统选举的自由意志党党内提名时,自由意志党大部分党员认为其过于保守而转为支持身为美国原住民的政治人物——拉塞尔·米恩斯以反对罗恩·保罗。
现存派系
曾有派系
相关条目
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美国两党派系
参考资料
- ^ Duncan Watts. Understanding American Government and Politics Second Edition. Manchester University Press. 2006-03-07: 246. ISBN 9780719073274 (英语).
Libertarians feel that neither left nor right can be trusted to defend the rights of individuals.
- ^ Leonard E. Read. Neither Left Nor Right. The Freeman: Ideas on Liberty. 1998-02, 48 (2) [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2008-06-21) (英语).
- ^ Walter Block. Libertarianism is Unique and Belongs Neither to the Right nor the Left: A Critique of the Views of Long, Holcombe, and Baden on the Left, Hoppe, Feser, and Paul of the Right. The Journal of Libertarian Studies. 2014-07-30, 22 (1): 127–170 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-16) (英语).
- ^ Sheldon Richman. Libertarianism: Left or Right?. Freedom Daily (The Future of Freedom Foundation). 2007-09-12 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2012-03-31) (英语).
Is libertarianism of the Left or of the Right? We often avoid this question with a resounding 'Neither!'" He also points out that left and right were "first used in the French Legislative Assembly after the revolution of 1789. In that context those who sat on the right side of the assembly were steadfast supporters of the dethroned monarchy and aristocracy – the ancien régime – (and hence were conservatives) while those who sat on the left opposed its reinstatement (and hence were radicals). It should follow from this that libertarians, or classical liberals, would sit on the left.
- ^ The Platform of the Libertarian Party of Washington. 自由意志党华盛顿党部. [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-14) (英语).
- ^ Paul Gottfried. The Conservative Movement Revised Edition. Twayne Publishers. 1993: 46. ISBN 9780805738506 (英语).
- ^ Less Antman. The Dallas Accord Is Dead. LewRockwell.com. 2008-05-12 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-01) (英语).
- ^ 瓦特·布拉克. Anarchism and Minarchism; No Rapprochement Possible: Reply to Tibor Machan. 自由意志主义研究期刊 (米塞斯研究所). 2014-07-30, 22 (1) (英语).