丽兹·维拉斯奎兹

伊莉莎白·安妮·“丽兹”·维拉斯奎兹(英语:Elizabeth Anne "Lizzie" Velásquez/ˈlɪzi vəˈlæskɛz/;1989年3月13日) ,美国励志演讲人、社会活动家、模特经纪、作家与YouTuber,她患有马凡氏早衰脂肪营养不良症候群英语Marfanoid–progeroid–lipodystrophy syndrome(又简称马凡氏脂肪营养不良症候群,MPL),一种令其无法积存脂肪与增加体重的罕见病,除此之外还有视力受损等病征。因著此疾病,维拉斯奎兹在童年时遭受霸凌,更被逼在青少年时期面对网路上的暴力。她在成年后成为一位励志演讲人[1][2],并以其乐观闻名[3][4][5][6]

丽兹·维拉斯奎兹
Lizzie Velásquez
于2017年德克萨斯图书节的维拉斯奎兹
出生Elizabeth Ann Velásquez
(1989-03-13) 1989年3月13日35岁)
 美国德克萨斯州奥斯汀
国籍 美国
母校德克萨斯州立大学
职业励志演讲人
模特经纪
作家
知名于公开演讲、反欺凌
信仰天主教
父母丽塔·博尔哈·维拉斯奎兹(Rita Borja Velásquez)
瓜达卢佩·方斯·维拉斯奎兹(Guadalupe Fonsi Velásquez)

早年生活

维拉斯奎兹在1989年3月13日出生于美国德克萨斯州奥斯汀[7],是丽塔(Rita)和瓜达卢佩(Guadalupe)四个孩子中的长女[8]。她是早产儿,比预产期早出生四个星期,且体重不到1.219公斤[9][10]

维拉斯奎兹从中学毕业后前往德克萨斯州立大学就读[10],主修传播学,并在2012年学成[11]。她是一位天主教徒,当谈到自己的信仰时,其表示:“它(天主教)一直是助我渡过所有难关的支柱,当有时间独自一人,向上帝祈祷和交谈时,便知道祂就在我身边[12][13][14]”。

病症

维拉斯奎兹患有的遗传病虽然不会致命但极其罕见,且此前从未被发现[15]。她的病症与许多其他病相似,尤其是早衰症德克萨斯大学达拉斯西南医学中心英语University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center的医学研究人员此前曾推测该病是一种新发现的新生儿早老性症候群英语progeroid syndrome魏德曼-劳滕斯特劳赫症候群英语Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome,WR),而这种病不会影响骨骼、器官和牙齿的健康,恰与维拉斯奎兹的病征相似[16]

维拉斯奎兹无法增重,这是其患有的罕见病的主要特征之一[17]。她的体重从未超过29公斤(64磅),且体脂肪率近乎为零[18][19]。此外,维拉斯奎兹平均每天需要消耗5,000至8,000卡路里,必须一整天吃许多小餐和零食[18][19]。不仅如此,她的右眼失明,四岁时就开始看不见事物[3],而左眼亦存在视力受损的情况[20]

据透露在2015年左右,一位名叫艾比·所罗门(Abby Solomon)的女子与维拉斯奎兹的病情相似但不那么严重,医师在所罗门的蛋白质前体身上发现由FBN1英语Fibrillin 1基因编码的新激素白脂素英语asprosin存在突变,最终导致她们出现无法增重等症状[21][22]。该病症随后按其特性命名为马凡氏早衰脂肪营养不良症候群英语Marfanoid–progeroid–lipodystrophy syndrome(MPL),或简称作马凡氏脂肪营养不良症候群(MFLS)[23][24]

演讲家生涯

自从在2006年(时年17岁)被一条发布在YouTube的影片讥讽为“世界上最丑的女人”(World's Ugliest Woman)之后,维拉斯奎兹便公开表示自己反欺凌。她在2010年与其母亲丽塔(Rita)合著,自行出版其自传《美丽的丽兹:丽兹·维拉斯奎兹的故事》(Lizzie Beautiful: The Lizzie Velásquez Story),并以英文和西班牙文两个版本发行[25]。2014年1月,维拉斯奎兹在TEDxAustinWomen Talk上发表题为《如何界定你自己?》(How do you define yourself?)的演讲[26],并截至2021年3月20日在YouTube上已有超过1100万次观看[27]。在2015年的全国防止欺凌月英语National Bullying Prevention Month,她担任“旁观者革命英语Bystander Revolution”行动月社交媒体挑战的主持人[28]

维拉斯奎兹特别针对儿童写了两本书,除了分享自己的故事外还为他们提供建议。2012年的《变美,做自己》(Be Beautiful, Be You)分享了她发现“真正使我们变得美丽的事物”的旅程,并希望读者认识自己独特的天赋和幸事[4]。该书的西班牙文版本则在隔年发行[5]。另一本书是在2014年出版的《快乐是最强大的选择》(Choosing Happiness) ,讲述维拉斯奎兹遇到的一些阻碍,以及她如何学会在易于放弃的情况下选择幸福的重要性[6]

维拉斯奎兹的第三本书《勇于雍容》(Dare to be Kind)在2017年发行,内容有关其在现实和网上受到欺凌的亲身经历,并从而阐述厚道的重要性[29]。她的纪录片《勇敢的心:维拉斯奎兹的故事》(A Brave Heart: The Lizzie Velásquez Story) 则在2015年3月14日于西南偏南上首映[30]。维拉斯奎兹随后在2017年4月开始主演其原创的Fullscreen英语Fullscreen (company)节目《解压缩》(Unzipped[31][32]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Once bullied, now empowered, Lizzie Velasquez lobbies Capitol Hill. [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-12). 
  2. ^ Anti-bullying activist Lizzie Velasquez will share story of her journey. Brentwood Home Page. 2017-04-07 [2019-01-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-04) (美国英语). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Lessons from the 'World's Ugliest Woman': 'Stop Staring and Start Learning'页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Lylah M. Alphonse of Yahoo! Shine. 2012-09-13
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Velasquez, Lizzie. Be Beautiful, Be You. Liguori.org. Liguori Publications. [2015-04-07]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-26). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Velasquez, Lizzie. Sé bella, sé tú misma. Liguori.org. Liguori Publications. [2015-04-07]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-15). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Velasquez, Lizzie. Choosing Happiness. Liguori.org. Liguori Publications. [2015-04-07]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-10). 
  7. ^ Texas Birth Record search for Elizabeth Velasquez. Myheritage.com. (原始内容存档于2014-01-11). 
  8. ^ Corredor, Paloma. ‘Ugliest woman in the world’ teaches about true beauty. voxxi.com. 2012-09-19 [2013-02-07]. (原始内容存档于2013-03-14). 
  9. ^ Lizzie Velásquez. www.goodreads.com. [2020-09-08]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-31). 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Texas Woman Can't Gain Weight, Bullied Over Looks页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆ABC News. 2012-09-14.
  11. ^ Allen Reed. Lizzie's Story. University Star. 2009-12-03 [2016-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-20). 
  12. ^ Walker, Ken. 'World's Ugliest Woman' Proves That Jesus Makes All Things Beautiful. Charisma. 2013-12-31 [2016-06-28]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-17) (英语). Raised in the Catholic parish where both her parents work, Velasquez's decision to follow Christ came near the end of high school. She credits her faith with enabling her to endure everything from scorn to physical infirmities. "It's been my rock through everything, just having the time to be alone and pray and talk to God and know that He's there for me," she says. 
  13. ^ Collier, Myles. Lizzie Velasquez, Once Labeled World's Ugliest Woman, Using Faith in Jesus to Spread Message of Love and Tolerance (VIDEO). The Christian Post. 2014-01-07 [2016-06-28]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-28) (英语). 
  14. ^ Hart, Lucinda van der. Lizzie Velasquez. Premier Christianity. 2014 [2016-06-28]. (原始内容存档于2019-10-15) (英语). I was born and raised in the Catholic faith and my parents have always been very involved in church and volunteering. It was always my dad's way of wanting to say to God, 'We will be as close as we can with you, volunteer and do what we can, as long as you help keep Lizzie healthy.' And so we did that our whole lives. 
  15. ^ Hartenstein, Meena. Lizzie Velasquez, 30-year-old with undiagnosed genetic disorder, must eat 60 times a day to survive. New York: New York Daily. [2013-06-23]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-10). 
  16. ^ Freeman, David. Girl Must Eat Every 15 Minutes: Lizzie Velasquez Stays Skeletal Despite Nonstop Eating. CBS News. 2010-06-29 [2015-03-14]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-26). 
  17. ^ Meet woman who can’t gain weight: At 21, she’s 60 pounds页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆Today Health at today.com. 2010-07-06
  18. ^ 18.0 18.1 How Do YOU Define Yourself Lizzie Velasquez at TEDxAustinWomen, [2021-03-20], (原始内容存档于2021-01-01) 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 The girl who must eat every 15 minutes to stay alive. The Telegraph. 2010-06-28 [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-10). Lizzie Velasquez weighs just four stone and has almost zero per cent body fat but she is not anorexic. [...] Despite consuming between 5,000 and 8,000 calories daily, the communications student, has never tipped over 4st 3lbs. 
  20. ^ Velasquez, Lizzie. About Lizzie. [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-06). 
  21. ^ Bordo, Sara (Director); Campo, Michael (Writer); Velasquez, Lizzie (Star). A Brave Heart: The Lizzie Velasquez Story. 事件发生在 45:50 to 50:36. 2015 [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-02). 
  22. ^ Kennedy, Pagan. The Thin Gene. The New York Times. 2016-11-25 [2017-05-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-09). 
  23. ^ Graul-Neumann LM, Kienitz T, Robinson PN, Baasanjav S, Karow B, Gillesen-Kaesbach G, Fahsold R, Schmidt H, Hoffmann K, Passarge E. Marfan syndrome with neonatal progeroid syndrome-like lipodystrophy associated with a novel frameshift mutation at the 3-prime terminus of the FBN1-gene. Am. J. Med. Genet. 2010, 152A: 2749–2755. PMID 20979188. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.33690. 
  24. ^ Jacquinet A, Verloes A, Callewaert B, Coremans C, Coucke P, De Paepe A, Kornak U, Lebrun F, Lombret J, Pierard GE, Robinson PN, Symoens S, Van Maldergem L, Debray FG. Neonatal progeroid variant of Marfan syndrome with congenital lipodystrophy results from mutations at the 3' end of FBN1 gene. Eur. J. Med. Genet. 2014, 57 (5): 230–234. PMID 24613577. doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.02.012. 
  25. ^ Lizzie Beautiful. www.goodreads.com. [2019-02-22]. 
  26. ^ How do you define yourself? - Lizzie Velasquez at TEDxAustinWomen. TED. (原始内容存档于2016-08-09). 
  27. ^ Lizzie Velasquez. YouTube (website report of video views). (原始内容存档于2016-10-25). 
  28. ^ Lizzie Velasquez's Challenge: Born Beautiful. Bystander Revolution. 2015-10-22 [2016-04-20]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-04). 
  29. ^ Dare to Be Kind: How Extraordinary Compassion Can Transform Our World. publishersweekly.com. PWxyz, LLC. [2017-11-06]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-07). 
  30. ^ Hawkins, Kathleen. 'Bullies called me the world's ugliest woman online'. BBC News. 2015-03-14 [2015-03-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-26). 
  31. ^ No More Bullying: Lizzie Velasquez Has New Show About Body Positivity. Rare Disease Report. [2019-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2019-02-22). 
  32. ^ Unzipped with Lizzie Velasquez, [2019-02-22], (原始内容存档于2022-02-04) 

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