南方古顎類
鳥類的演化支
南方古顎類（學名：Notopalaeognathae）是古顎下綱的一個演化支，包含了美洲鴕鳥目、新平胸類（包括鷸鴕與鴯鶓）、䳍形目和已滅絕的恐鳥目[3]，南方古顎類下各演化支間的親緣關係一直到近年才確立，其中䳍與恐鳥為近親[4][5][6][7]、鷸鴕則與鴯鶓及鶴鴕親緣關係較近[6]，此外曾棲息於馬達加斯加，如今已經滅絕的象鳥同樣也是鷸鴕的近親[6]。美洲鴕鳥被認為是南方古顎類的基群[8]或是新平胸類的姊妹群[3]。南方古顎類與鴕鳥目為姊妹群。
南方古顎類 | |
|---|---|
| |
| 大美洲鴕（Rhea americana） | |
科學分類 
| |
| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
| 綱： | 鳥綱 Aves |
| 演化支： | 古顎類 Palaeognathae |
| 演化支： | 南方古顎類 Notopalaeognathae Yuri et al., 2013 |
| 演化支 | |
參考文獻
- ^ Notopalaeognathae. paleobiodb.org. [2021-09-25]. （原始內容存檔於2021-07-13）.
- ^ Van Tuinen M. (2009) Birds (Aves). In The Timetree of Life, Hedges SB, Kumar S (eds). Oxford: Oxford University Press; 409–411.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Yuri, T.; et al. Parsimony and model-based analyses of indels in avian nuclear genes reveal congruent and incongruent phylogenetic signals. Biology (MDPI). 2013, 2 (1): 419–44. PMC 4009869
. PMID 24832669. doi:10.3390/biology2010419 .
- ^ Phillips MJ, Gibb GC, Crimp EA, Penny D. Tinamous and moa flock together: mitochondrial genome sequence analysis reveals independent losses of flight among ratites. Systematic Biology. January 2010, 59 (1): 90–107. PMID 20525622. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp079 .
- ^ Allentoft, M. E.; Rawlence, N. J. Moa's Ark or volant ghosts of Gondwana? Insights from nineteen years of ancient DNA research on the extinct moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes) of New Zealand. Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger. 2012-01-20, 194 (1): 36–51 [2022-10-14]. PMID 21596537. doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2011.04.002. （原始內容存檔於2021-08-12）.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Mitchell, K. J.; Llamas, B.; Soubrier, J.; Rawlence, N. J.; Worthy, T. H.; Wood, J.; Lee, M. S. Y.; Cooper, A. Ancient DNA reveals elephant birds and kiwis are sister taxa and clarifies ratite bird evolution. Science. 2014-05-23, 344 (6186): 898–900. Bibcode:2014Sci...344..898M. PMID 24855267. S2CID 206555952. doi:10.1126/science.1251981. hdl:2328/35953 .
- ^ Baker, A. J.; Haddrath, O.; McPherson, J. D.; Cloutier, A. Genomic Support for a Moa-Tinamou Clade and Adaptive Morphological Convergence in Flightless Ratites. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2014, 31 (7): 1686–1696. PMID 24825849. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu153 .
- ^ Hackett, S.J.; et al. A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History. Science. 2008, 320 (5884): 1763–8. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H. PMID 18583609. S2CID 6472805. doi:10.1126/science.1157704.
