伊萬 (建築)

建筑结构

伊萬波斯語ایوان‎,拉丁轉寫:eyvān;阿拉伯語:إيوان‎;Iwan、ivan;土耳其語:eyvan[1][2])是波斯伊斯蘭建築中常見的一種長方形、帶有拱頂的空間,三面圍牆,一面開放。它由波斯人發明,3世紀時在帕提亞帝國治下達到成熟。在波斯語中伊萬的入口門面又稱「皮西塔克」(pishtaq)。其上常繪有繁複的幾何花紋和伊斯蘭書法[3][4]。伊萬的大小和形狀並不完全固定。

16世紀波斯風格的波伊卡楊伊斯蘭教學校的伊萬,位於烏茲別克布哈拉
泰姬陵的伊萬
希克斯羅圖福拉清真寺

參考文獻

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外部連接