設計保障安全
設計保障安全(Safety by design)是一個概念及運動,鼓勵營建管理者及產品設計者在設計開發階段就將健康及安全風險納入設計考量。此概念支持品質、程序及成本的觀點,安全性在設計階段就已納入考慮[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]。
設計保障安全(建築工地)
有量文獻表明,建築工地上的許多事故都與安全帶的設計有關。在設計階段危害消除比降低危害更有效。級別控制,例如替換,隔離,應用工程或管理控製或使用個人防護衣服或設備。因此,設計師在預防工作場所危害方面的作用吸引了研究人員的關注。大量案例研究和示例可在可供設計人員用於安全設計的各種工具和技術不能僅依賴於主承包商。讓所有利益相關者,包括客戶,設計師和分包商共同承擔安全責任,將更加有效 [8]。
立法
歐洲立法要求營建設計者在設計者就考慮風險,減少建造時對建築工人的危害,並配合像移動工地指令(英國的CDM法規)中的階段[9],此概念符合法律的要求。在英國,建築設計管理(CDM)該法規僅在1995年實施。但是,設計人員不想承擔額外的不當責任[8]。
參考資料
- ^ Behm M, 2005, Linking Construction Fatalities to the Design for Construction Safety Concept, Safety Science, Number 43, Pages 589-611
- ^ Churcher D W, Alwani-Starr G M,Incorporating construction health and safety into the design process」, Implementation of Health and Safety in Construction Sites, Alvels, Dias & Coble (eds), ISBN 90-5410-847-9, 1996
- ^ ECI 2000 Designing for Safety and Health, Proceedings of the ECI/CIB/HSE international Conference, London, European Construction Institute, Loughborough, ed A G F Gibb, June 245pp ECI, Publications
- ^ Gambatese JA, Hinze J and Haas C, Tool to Design for Construction Worker Safety, Journal of Architectural Engineering, Volume 3, Part 1, Pages 32-42, 1997
- ^ Gambatese JA, 2003, Safety in design: A Proactive Approach to Construction Worker Safety and Health, Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Vol 18 (5): pp 339-342
- ^ Gambatese JA, Hinze J, Addressing Construction Worker Safety in the Design Phase – Designing for worker Safety, Automation in Construction, Volume 8, Issue 6, Pages 643-649, August 1999
- ^ Hecker S, Gambatese J, Weinstein M, Designing for Worker Safety- Moving the Construction Safety Process Upstream, Professional Safety, Pages 32-44, September 2005
- ^ 8.0 8.1 Bong et al, The designer’s role in workplace health and safety in the construction industry: postharmonized regulations in South Australia, International Journal of Construction Management, 2015, Vol. 15, No. 4, 276287, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2015.1094850
- ^ Health and Safety Executive CDM. [2015-04-21]. (原始內容存檔於2015-04-25).
- ^ Safer Design. [2015-04-21]. (原始內容存檔於2013-04-15).
- ^ Safe Work Australia. [2015-04-21]. (原始內容存檔於2009-12-14).
- ^ Harvard University School of Public health. [2015-04-21]. (原始內容存檔於2010-08-16).
- ^ Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection According to ASME. [2015-04-21]. (原始內容存檔於2017-01-14).