伊歐里斯柱式
伊歐里斯柱式是古典主義建築中一種早期柱式。它與愛奧尼柱式十分相似,但柱頂不同。其柱頂上為一對螺旋形飾上方夾一棕葉飾,而非水平接在柱頂上。
歷史
此柱式源自敘利亞與腓尼基,得名於伊歐里斯群島,[1]發展於安那托利亞西北部,亦用於西西里島和古巴勒斯坦的神廟中。[2]
如今最早的伊歐里斯柱年代與愛奧尼柱,多立克柱的出現的年代同期,皆為公元前六世紀。一些專家認為愛奧尼柱式是伊歐里斯柱式的進化,但亦存異議。[3]
一些伊特魯里亞的墳墓中亦有與伊歐里斯柱相同的柱頂,但螺旋形飾間未夾棕葉飾。
伊歐里斯柱式在古風時期後期就被逐漸廢棄。
參考文獻
- ^ Philip P. Betancourt. The Aeolic Style in Architecture: A Survey of its Development in Palestine, the Halikarnassos Peninsula, and Greece, 1000-500 B.C (Princeton University Press) 1977.
- ^ Yigal Shiloh. The Proto-Aeolic capital and Israelite ashlar masonry. Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 1979.
- ^ The Art and Culture of Early Greece, 1100-480 B.C., p. 132, Cornell University Press, 1987 (rev. edn.), ISBN 080149401X, 9780801494017. [2017-03-20]. (原始內容存檔於2019-06-03).
伊歐里斯柱式
- Jenkins, Ian. Greek Architecture and Its Sculpture. Harvard University Press. 2006: 19 [3 August 2020]. ISBN 9780674023888.
- Ionic order (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Foundation of the Hellenic World. Aeolic order in relation to Ionic and Doric orders, image. Accessed September 2020.
- Just a Second: Aeolic Order (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), The Art Minute: Short Lessons in Art History. Accessed September 2020.
- Aeolic Capital (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Oxford Reference. Accessed September 2020.
- Aeolic capital (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), The Oxford Companion to Architecture. Accessed September 2020.
- Aeolic Order (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Archaeologs project. Accessed September 2020.
- Architectural Orders (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Classical Art Research Centre. Accessed September 2020.
- Aeolic-capital (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Encyclopædia Britannica. Accessed September 2020.
原始柱式
- Proto-Aeolic Capital (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation. Accessed September 2020.
- Ein Mor, Daniel. Walajeh ('Ain Joweizeh): Preliminary Report (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Volume 125, Year 2013 (16/06/2013). Proto-Aeolic capital in context: the opening of a water system (tunnel spring) façade. Accessed September 2020.
- At popular Jerusalem promenade, archaeologists find a First Temple-era palace (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館), Times of Israel, posted and accessed 3 September 2020. Latest finds of numerous Proto-Aeolic capitals.
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