坎寧河 (西澳)

坎寧河（英語：Canning River）是天鵝河的一個主支流。坎寧河位於西澳大利亞州西南區。^[1]

水源和河道

坎寧河的源頭為達令陡坡。坎寧河流經珀斯眾多郊區區域，其中包括天鵝海岸平原、坎寧頓、索恩耐爾、里弗頓、雪萊、羅斯莫恩和愉悅山，最終於坎寧橋附近流進天鵝河。^[2]^[3]^[4]

歷史

首批到達這裏的歐洲人為於1801年^[5]到達這裏的法國探險團隊。該隊探險隊隨即將這裏命名為莫羅河口（Entrée Moreau）^[5]。莫羅河口是以查爾斯·莫羅命名，而莫羅是探險隊的其中一員。^[6]

坎寧河於1827年被更名為現在的名字。當時，詹姆士·史特靈登上了HMS成功號帆船到坎寧河一帶考察，並將河流以當時的英國首相喬治·坎寧命名。^[5]

於1829年11月，正正在天鵝河殖民地建立後五個月，史特靈便帶着一班拓荒者到坎寧河旁建立了一個新的小鎮，凱爾姆斯科特。^[7]^[8]

環境

坎寧河護欄是由流放到澳洲的罪犯建造。這個護欄用作保護運輸木材的船隻。^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]在現代，坎寧河護欄已成為一個地標。

坎寧河是不少野生動物的家園，其中包括海豚、鵜鶘、天鵝和很多不同種類的鳥類。

藻華

藻華會於坎寧河自然地生成，全因堆積在河中的大量營養。而包括農業，家庭園藝和公園綠地等的人類活動則令到藻華的出現更頻密，以及數量更多。藻華對哺乳動物和海洋生物均有害。天鵝河委託機構負責監察坎寧河的水質，並定時清理河流，減少藻華的出現次數及數量。^[13]^[14]該機構是因坎寧河上出現滿江紅而設立的。^[15]

沒有紅萍的坎寧河（攝於2006年2月）

滿佈滿江紅的坎寧河（攝於2007年3月）

參考

^ Brearley, Anne. Ernest Hodgkin's Swanland : estuaries and coastal lagoons of South-western Australia. Crawley, W.A.: University of Western Australia Press for the Ernest Hodgkin Trust for Estuary Education and Research and National Trust of Australia (WA),. 2005. ISBN 1-920694-38-2.
^ About Australia. Canning Dam. [2009-06-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-07-03）.
^ Burningham, Nick. Messing About in Earnest. Fremantle Arts Centre Press. 2004. ISBN 1-920731-25-3.
^ Seddon, George. Swan River Landscapes. Crawley, W.A.: University of Western Australia Press. 1970. ISBN 0-85564-043-X.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 History of Rivernames C. [2009-06-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-07-14）.
^ Richards, Oline. Canning River Regional Park, Western Australia : historical survey. Perth, W.A.: Dept. of Planning and Urban Development. 199. ISBN 0-7309-3249-4.
^ European Settlement. [2009-06-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-06-08）.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Carden, F.G. Along the Canning: A History of the City of Canning Western Australia, Covering its progress from Roads Board to Shire, to Town, to City City of Canning, 2nd edition. 1991.
^ McQueen, Jeanette 'Pioneers of the Canning District' thesis prepared for Graylands Teachers' College 1963, p.13.
^ Detail from 'Municipal Heritage Inventory', City of Canning.
^ Hutchison, D. and Davidson, D. 'The Convict Built "Fence" in the Canning River' Records of the Western Australian Museum Vol. 8 (1), 1979.
^ J.S.H. LePage Building A State: The Story of the Public Works Department of Western Australia 1829-1985 Water Authority of Western Australia, Leederville, 1986, pp.211-
^ Agal Bloom （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）天鵝河委託機構2007年3月16日
^ 天鹅河委托机构. [2012-11-25]. （原始內容存檔於2012-12-05）.
^ Native fern on Canning River （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） Media release by Swan River Trust Mar 6, 2007

32°00′S 115°51′E / 32.000°S 115.850°E / -32.000; 115.850

[1] Brearley, Anne. Ernest Hodgkin's Swanland : estuaries and coastal lagoons of South-western Australia. Crawley, W.A.: University of Western Australia Press for the Ernest Hodgkin Trust for Estuary Education and Research and National Trust of Australia (WA),. 2005. ISBN 1-920694-38-2.

[NT-2] About Australia. Canning Dam. [2009-06-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-07-03）.

[3] Burningham, Nick. Messing About in Earnest. Fremantle Arts Centre Press. 2004. ISBN 1-920731-25-3.

[4] Seddon, George. Swan River Landscapes. Crawley, W.A.: University of Western Australia Press. 1970. ISBN 0-85564-043-X.

[LG-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 History of Rivernames C. [2009-06-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-07-14）.

[6] Richards, Oline. Canning River Regional Park, Western Australia : historical survey. Perth, W.A.: Dept. of Planning and Urban Development. 199. ISBN 0-7309-3249-4.

[NT2-7] European Settlement. [2009-06-06]. （原始內容存檔於2009-06-08）.

[book2-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Carden, F.G. Along the Canning: A History of the City of Canning Western Australia, Covering its progress from Roads Board to Shire, to Town, to City City of Canning, 2nd edition. 1991.

[9] McQueen, Jeanette 'Pioneers of the Canning District' thesis prepared for Graylands Teachers' College 1963, p.13.

[10] Detail from 'Municipal Heritage Inventory', City of Canning.

[11] Hutchison, D. and Davidson, D. 'The Convict Built "Fence" in the Canning River' Records of the Western Australian Museum Vol. 8 (1), 1979.

[12] J.S.H. LePage Building A State: The Story of the Public Works Department of Western Australia 1829-1985 Water Authority of Western Australia, Leederville, 1986, pp.211-

[13] Agal Bloom （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）天鵝河委託機構2007年3月16日

[14] 天鹅河委托机构. [2012-11-25]. （原始內容存檔於2012-12-05）.

[15] Native fern on Canning River （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） Media release by Swan River Trust Mar 6, 2007

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