胱抑素A

血清胱抑素A
已知的結構
PDB	直系同源搜尋: PDBe RCSB
PDBID列表
	1CYU、1CYV、1DVC、1DVD、1GD3、1GD4、1N9J、1NB3、1NB5、3K9M、3KFQ、3KSE
識別號
別名	CSTA；, AREI, STF1, STFA, Cystatin A, PSS4
外部ID	OMIM：184600 MGI：3644688 HomoloGene：3819 GeneCards：CSTA
相關疾病
	Exfoliative ichthyosis
基因位置（人類）
染色體	3號染色體
終止	122,341,969 bp
基因位置（小鼠）
染色體	小鼠16號染色體
終止	36,038,158 bp
RNA表達模式
	查閱更多表達數據
基因本體
分子功能	• peptidase inhibitor activity; • 蛋白酶結合; • protein-macromolecule adaptor activity; • endopeptidase inhibitor activity; • structural molecule activity; • cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity;
細胞組分	• 細胞質; • 胞內; • cornified envelope; • 細胞外空間; • 細胞核; • 細胞質基質;
生物學過程	• negative regulation of proteolysis; • peptide cross-linking; • negative regulation of peptidase activity; • 細胞粘附; • keratinocyte differentiation; • negative regulation of endopeptidase activity; • cornification; • cell-cell adhesion;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
	1475
	408196
	ENSG00000121552
	ENSMUSG00000094733
	P01040
	Q6IE28
	NM_005213
	NM_001082542
	NP_005204
	NP_001076011
	維基數據
檢視/編輯人類	檢視/編輯小鼠

胱抑素A是一種在人體中由CSTA基因編碼的蛋白質。^[6]^[7]

胱抑素超家族包括含有多個胱抑素樣序列的蛋白質。一些成員是活性半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制劑，而其他成員已經失去或可能從未獲得這種抑制活性。超家族中有3個抑制家族，包括1型胱抑素（stefin）、2型胱抑素和激肽原。該基因編碼一種stefin，起半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制劑的作用，與木瓜蛋白酶和組織蛋白酶B、H和L形成緊密複合物。該蛋白是角質形成細胞中角化細胞包膜的前體蛋白之一，在表皮發育和維護。Stefin已被提議作為癌症的預後和診斷工具。^[7]

相互作用

胱抑素A已被證明與胱抑素B^[8]^[9]和組織蛋白酶L1^[9]^[10]產生相互作用。

參見

肽轉運蛋白碳飢餓家族

參考文獻

^ 與血清胱抑素A相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000121552 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000094733 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Hsieh WT, Barrick JL, Berrettini WH, Chan MM, Fong D. A PstI DNA polymorphism in the human stefin A gene (STF 1). Nucleic Acids Res. Jun 1991, 19 (7): 1722. PMC 333958  . PMID 1674139. doi:10.1093/nar/19.7.1722-a.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 Entrez Gene: CSTA cystatin A (stefin A).
^ Pavlova, Alona; Björk Ingemar. Grafting of features of cystatins C or B into the N-terminal region or second binding loop of cystatin A (stefin A) substantially enhances inhibition of cysteine proteinases. Biochemistry (United States). Sep 2003, 42 (38): 11326–33. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 14503883. doi:10.1021/bi030119v.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Estrada, S; Nycander M; Hill N J; Craven C J; Waltho J P; Björk I. The role of Gly-4 of human cystatin A (stefin A) in the binding of target proteinases. Characterization by kinetic and equilibrium methods of the interactions of cystatin A Gly-4 mutants with papain, cathepsin B, and cathepsin L. Biochemistry (UNITED STATES). May 1998, 37 (20): 7551–60. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 9585570. doi:10.1021/bi980026r.
^ Majerle, Andreja; Jerala Roman. Protein inhibitors form complexes with procathepsin L and augment cleavage of the propeptide. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. (United States). Sep 2003, 417 (1): 53–8. ISSN 0003-9861. PMID 12921779. doi:10.1016/S0003-9861(03)00319-9.

閱讀

Järvinen M, Rinne A, Hopsu-Havu VK. Human cystatins in normal and diseased tissues--a review. Acta Histochem. 1988, 82 (1): 5–18. PMID 3122506. doi:10.1016/s0065-1281(87)80043-0.
Brown WM, Dziegielewska KM. Friends and relations of the cystatin superfamily--new members and their evolution. Protein Sci. 1997, 6 (1): 5–12. PMC 2143511  . PMID 9007972. doi:10.1002/pro.5560060102.
Kos J, Lah TT. Cysteine proteinases and their endogenous inhibitors: target proteins for prognosis, diagnosis and therapy in cancer (review). Oncol. Rep. 1998, 5 (6): 1349–61. PMID 9769367. doi:10.3892/or.5.6.1349.
Rinne A, Järvinen M, Räsänen O. A protein reminiscent of the epidermal SH-protease inhibitor occurs in squamous epithelia of man and rat. Acta Histochem. 1979, 63 (2): 183–92. PMID 107702. doi:10.1016/s0065-1281(78)80024-5.
Räsänen O, Järvinen M, Rinne A. Localization of the human SH-protease inhibitor in the epidermis. Immunofluorescent studies. Acta Histochem. 1979, 63 (2): 193–6. PMID 107703. doi:10.1016/s0065-1281(78)80025-7.
Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, et al. Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Electrophoresis. 1993, 13 (12): 960–9. PMID 1286667. S2CID 41855774. doi:10.1002/elps.11501301199.
Madsen P, Rasmussen HH, Leffers H, et al. Molecular cloning, occurrence, and expression of a novel partially secreted protein "psoriasin" that is highly up-regulated in psoriatic skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1991, 97 (4): 701–12. PMID 1940442. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12484041.
Hsieh WT, Fong D, Sloane BF, et al. Mapping of the gene for human cysteine proteinase inhibitor stefin A, STF1, to chromosome 3cen-q21. Genomics. 1991, 9 (1): 207–9. PMID 2004763. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90241-6.
Rinne A, Järvinen M, Dorn A, et al. [Low-molecular cysteine protease inhibitors in the human palatal tonsil]. Anatomischer Anzeiger. 1986, 161 (3): 215–30. PMID 2424340.
Kartasova T, Cornelissen BJ, Belt P, van de Putte P. Effects of UV, 4-NQO and TPA on gene expression in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987, 15 (15): 5945–62. PMC 306060  . PMID 2442723. doi:10.1093/nar/15.15.5945.
Takeda A, Kaji H, Nakaya K, et al. Comparative studies on the primary structure of human cystatin as from epidermis, liver, spleen, and leukocytes. J. Biochem. 1989, 105 (6): 986–91. PMID 2768224. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122792.
Strauss M, Stollwerk J, Lenarcic B, et al. Chemical synthesis of a gene for human stefin A and its expression in E. coli. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler. 1989, 369 (9): 1019–30. PMID 3067731. doi:10.1515/bchm3.1988.369.2.1019.
Davies ME, Barrett AJ. Immunolocalization of human cystatins in neutrophils and lymphocytes. Histochemistry. 1984, 80 (4): 373–7. PMID 6429090. S2CID 13559202. doi:10.1007/BF00495420.
Machleidt W, Borchart U, Fritz H, et al. Protein inhibitors of cysteine proteinases. II. Primary structure of stefin, a cytosolic protein inhibitor of cysteine proteinases from human polymorphonuclear granulocytes. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 1984, 364 (11): 1481–6. PMID 6689312. doi:10.1515/bchm2.1983.364.2.1481.
Söderström KO, Laato M, Wu P, et al. Expression of acid cysteine proteinase inhibitor (ACPI) in the normal human prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. Int. J. Cancer. 1995, 62 (1): 1–4. PMID 7541394. S2CID 25265556. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910620102.
Tate S, Ushioda T, Utsunomiya-Tate N, et al. Solution structure of a human cystatin A variant, cystatin A2-98 M65L, by NMR spectroscopy. A possible role of the interactions between the N- and C-termini to maintain the inhibitory active form of cystatin A. Biochemistry. 1995, 34 (45): 14637–48. PMID 7578072. doi:10.1021/bi00045a004.
Martin JR, Craven CJ, Jerala R, et al. The three-dimensional solution structure of human stefin A. J. Mol. Biol. 1995, 246 (2): 331–43. PMID 7869384. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1994.0088.
Steinert PM, Marekov LN. Direct evidence that involucrin is a major early isopeptide cross-linked component of the keratinocyte cornified cell envelope. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272 (3): 2021–30. PMID 8999895. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.3.2021  .

外部連結

Cystatin: a protein that flips out!相當有趣的PDB結構文章在PDBe （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
肽酶及其抑制劑的MEROPS在線數據庫：I25.001

[1] 與血清胱抑素A相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000121552 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000094733 - Ensembl, May 2017

[4] Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[5] Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1674139-6] Hsieh WT, Barrick JL, Berrettini WH, Chan MM, Fong D. A PstI DNA polymorphism in the human stefin A gene (STF 1). Nucleic Acids Res. Jun 1991, 19 (7): 1722. PMC 333958  . PMID 1674139. doi:10.1093/nar/19.7.1722-a.

[entrez-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Entrez Gene: CSTA cystatin A (stefin A).

[pmid14503883-8] Pavlova, Alona; Björk Ingemar. Grafting of features of cystatins C or B into the N-terminal region or second binding loop of cystatin A (stefin A) substantially enhances inhibition of cysteine proteinases. Biochemistry (United States). Sep 2003, 42 (38): 11326–33. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 14503883. doi:10.1021/bi030119v.

[pmid9585570-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Estrada, S; Nycander M; Hill N J; Craven C J; Waltho J P; Björk I. The role of Gly-4 of human cystatin A (stefin A) in the binding of target proteinases. Characterization by kinetic and equilibrium methods of the interactions of cystatin A Gly-4 mutants with papain, cathepsin B, and cathepsin L. Biochemistry (UNITED STATES). May 1998, 37 (20): 7551–60. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 9585570. doi:10.1021/bi980026r.

[pmid12921779-10] Majerle, Andreja; Jerala Roman. Protein inhibitors form complexes with procathepsin L and augment cleavage of the propeptide. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. (United States). Sep 2003, 417 (1): 53–8. ISSN 0003-9861. PMID 12921779. doi:10.1016/S0003-9861(03)00319-9.

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