用戶:Robmarotiz/馬場正郎
 | 此用戶頁目前正依照en:Baba Masao上的內容進行翻譯。 (2020年3月7日) |
| 馬場正郎 | |
|---|---|
.jpg) 1945年9月10日，在第9師總部納閩機場簽署投降協定的馬場正郎中將。 | |
| 原文名 | 馬場 正郎 |
| 出生 | 1892年1月7日 日本熊本縣 |
| 逝世 | 1947年8月7日（55歲） 新幾內亞領地拉包爾 |
| 效命 |  大日本帝國 |
| 軍種 |  大日本帝國陸軍 |
| 服役年份 | 1909–1945 |
| 軍銜 | 中將 |
| 統率 | 大日本帝國陸軍第37軍 |
| 參與戰爭 | 中國抗日戰爭 第二次世界大戰 |
| 日語寫法 | |
|---|---|
| 日語原文 | 馬場正郎 |
| 假名 | ばばまさお |
| 平文式羅馬字 | Baba Masao |
| 日語舊字體 | 馬場正郞 |
馬場正郎（日語：馬場 正郎〔馬場正郞〕／ばばまさお Baba Masao，1892年1月7日-1947年8月7日）是大日本帝國陸軍的將領，負責在1945年婆羅洲戰役中指揮日軍。
生平
馬場正郎出生於熊本縣，父親是日本陸軍的職業軍官馬場政行中尉。馬場自小就在廣島的陸軍學院學校就讀，而那是一家課程基於普魯士軍事的軍事預備學校。1912年12月，專攻騎兵的他從陸軍士官學校第24班畢業，成為陸軍第5騎兵團的少尉。
Baba studied as part of the 33rd class of the Army War College, graduating in November 1921. He remained in the cavalry throughout his career, and was attached to the Inspectorate of Cavalry from 1933-1935, where he served as an instructor at the cavalry school. In 1935, Baba was promoted to colonel and subsequently given command of the IJA 2nd Cavalry Regiment from 1935 to 1938.
In July 1938, Baba was promoted to major general, and served as commanding officer of the IJA 3rd Cavalry Brigade to 1939. From 1939 to 1940, he served as a staff officer with the Inspectorate of Cavalry. He became the commander-in-chief of all cavalry operations from 2 December 1940 to 1 October 1941.[1] During the Second Sino-Japanese war, he was assigned to Inner Mongolia to develop cavalry operations. In August 1941, Baba was promoted to lieutenant general.
With the start of World War II, Baba was assigned command of the IJA 53rd Division, a post which he held to 25 September 1943, when he was appointed commander of the IJA 4th Division in Sumatra. He subsequently became commander in chief of the IJA 37th Army based in Borneo.
While in Borneo, Baba organized anti-guerrilla operation in the interior of the island. He was also military governor of Sabah from 26 December 1944 until 10 September 1945. The Allied reconquest of Borneo began on 1 May 1945 with the landing of the Australian Army at Tarakan, and with landings at Brunei and Labuan on 10 June. Japanese forces surrendered on 9 September, with General Baba formally turning over his sword to Major General George Wootten of the Australian 9th Division at Labuan on 10 September.[2] Baba was officially discharged from the Imperial Japanese Army in April 1946.[3]
Baba was arrested in January 1947 on suspicion of involvement in war crimes and brought to Rabaul for trial. Baba was charged with command responsibility for the Sandakan Death Marches, during which over 2,200 Australian prisoners of war perished.[4][5] Evidence was presented at the trial that Baba was aware of the weakened condition of the prisoners, yet gave direct orders for the second march. The trial began on 28 May 1947 and was concluded eight days later on 5 June 1947 with a death sentence. Baba was executed by hanging on 7 August 1947.[6]
Notes
- ^ Ammenthorp, The Generals of World War II
- ^ Peace Park. virtualmalaysia.com. [2011-06-07]. （原始內容存檔於12 October 2011）. 已忽略未知參數
|df=(幫助) - ^ The Mercury, 8 March 1947
- ^ The Argus, Melbourne, 6 June 1947
- ^ The Mercury, 6 June 1947
- ^ The Sydney Morning Herald, 6 June 1947
References
Books
- Fuller, Richard. Shokan: Hirohito's Samurai
. London: Arms and Armor. 1992. ISBN 1-85409-151-4. - Minear, Richard H. Victor's Justice: the Tokyo War Crimes Trial. Princeton University Press. 1971. ISBN.
External links
- Ammenthorp, Steen. Masao Baba. The Generals of World War II.
- Budge, Kent. Kimura, Heitaro. Pacific War Online Encyclopedia.
- Clancy, Patrick. IMTFE Judgement. HyperWar Foundation.