石莼属
石莼科的一属藻类
石莼属（学名：Ulva），为石莼科下的大型多细胞片状体或管状体的藻类，其广泛分布于世界各个海岸。生活史中有双倍体和单倍体的配子体世代交替现象。海莴苣是多细胞绿藻的代表。石莼目中的浒苔属（Enteromorpha）和礁膜属（Monostroma）与该属相近。[1]
石莼属
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| 海莴苣 Ulva lactuca | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 门： | 绿藻门 Chlorophyta |
| 纲： | 石莼纲 Ulvophyceae |
| 目： | 石莼目 Ulvales |
| 科： | 石莼科 Ulvaceae |
| 属： | 石莼属 Ulva Linnaeus, 1753 |
| 物种 | |
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见正文 | |
| 异名 | |
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一些海洋生物以石莼属植物为食，比如海牛、海蛞蝓、海兔等。在一些地区，一些种类的石莼属也可作为人类食物来源，其中包括斯堪地纳维亚半岛、英格兰、爱尔兰、中国、日本。其主要用于制作沙拉或者汤料。其含有大量的蛋白质、膳食纤维、维生素、矿物质（特别是铁元素）[2]。
种属
石莼属下包括以下种：
- Ulva angusta Setchell & Gardner, 1920
- Ulva aragoensis (Bliding) Maggs, 2018
- Ulva ardreana M.Cormaci, G.Furnari & G.Alongi, 2013
- Ulva australis Aresch.
- Ulva belangeri (Mont.) De Toni, 1889
- Ulva blyttii Areschoug
- Ulva californica Wille, 1899
- Ulva chaetomorphoides (Børgesen) Hayden et al.
- Ulva chaugulii [3]
- Ulva clathrata (Roth) C.Agardh
- Ulva compressa L.
- Ulva conglobata Kjellman, 1897
- Ulva costata
- Ulva crassa Kjellman
- Ulva croatica Alongi, Cormaci & G.Furnari, 2014
- Ulva curvata (Kütz.) De Toni
- Ulva dactylifera Setch. & Gardn.
- Ulva delicatula Gunnerus
- Ulva enteromorpha Le Jolis
- Ulva expansa
- 裂片石莼 Ulva fasciata
- Ulva fenestrata
- Ulva flexuosa Wulfen
- Ulva gigantea (Kützing) Bliding, 1969
- Ulva godeyi Brébisson
- Ulva gracillima (G.S.West) Škaloud & Leliaert, 2018
- Ulva hookeriana (Kütz.) Hayden et al.
- Ulva hopkirkii (M'Calla ex Harvey) P.Crouan & H.Crouan
- 肠浒苔 Ulva intestinalis L.
- Ulva intestinaloides (Koeman & Hoek) H.S.Hayden, Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, Stanhope & Waaland
- Ulva kanagawae [4]
- Ulva kylinii (Bliding) H.S.Hayden, J.Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland
- 海莴苣 Ulva lactuca L.[3]
- Ulva laetevirens Aresch.
- Ulva lanceolata Linnaeus
- Ulva lapathifolia (Kützing) De Toni
- Ulva latissima Gunnerus
- Ulva linza L.
- Ulva linzoides Alongi, Cormaci & G.Furnari, 2014
- Ulva lobata (Kutz.) S. & G.
- Ulva multiramosa E.Taskin
- Ulva ohnoi M.Hiraoka & S.Shimada[3]
- Ulva olivacens
- 孔石莼 Ulva pertusa Kjellman
- Ulva polyclada Kraft, 2007
- Ulva procera (K.Ahlner) H.S.Hayden, J.Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland
- 浒苔 Ulva prolifera O.F.Müll.
- Ulva pseudocurvata Koeman & C.Hoek
- Ulva pseudolinza (Koeman & C.Hoek) H.S.Hayden, Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, Stanhope & Waaland
- Ulva pseudorotundata M.Cormaci, G.Furnari & G.Alongi
- Ulva radiata (J.Agardh) H.S.Hayden, Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland, 2003
- Ulva radiata J.Agardh
- Ulva ralfsii (Harv.) Le Jol.
- Ulva ranunculata Kraft & A.J.K.Millar, 2000
- Ulva reticulata Forsskal, 1775
- Ulva rigid C.Agardh
- Ulva rigida C.Agardh
- Ulva rotundata Bliding, 1968
- Ulva sapora [5]
- Ulva scandinavica Bliding
- Ulva schousboei Bornet, 1892
- Ulva simplex (K.L.Vinogr.) H.S.Hayden, J.Blomster, Maggs, P.C.Silva, M.J.Stanhope & J.R.Waaland
- Ulva sordida Areschoug
- Ulva splitiana Alongi, Cormaci & G.Furnari, 2014
- Ulva stenophylla
- Ulva stipitata Areschoug
- Ulva taeniata
- Ulva tenera Kornmann & Sahling
- Ulva torta (Mertens) Trevisan
- Ulva tuberosa Palisot de Beauvois
- Ulva uncialis (Kütz.) Mont., 1850
- Ulva vexata
- 归入本属的物种：
- Enteromorpha arctica J.Agardh
- Enteromorpha aureola (C.Agardh) Kützing
- Enteromorpha bayonnensis P.J.L.Dangeard, 1962
- Enteromorpha canaliculata Batters
- Enteromorpha coziana P.J.L.Dangeard, 1962
- Enteromorpha crinata (Roth) J Agardh
- Enteromorpha cruciata
- Enteromorpha groenlandica
- Enteromorpha hendayensis P.J.L.Dangeard & H.Parriaud, 1960
- Enteromorpha juergensii Kützing
- Enteromorpha microphylla Foslie
- Enteromorpha multiramosa Bliding
- Enteromorpha musciformis P.J.L.Dangeard, 1962
- Enteromorpha robertii-lamii H.Parriaud, 1961
- Enteromorpha sanctijoannis P.J.L.Dangeard, 1960
- Phycoseris plicata (Muell.) Kützing
相关
- 海草 属于完全不同分类层级的植物
参考文献
- ^ 吴相钰; 陈守良; 葛明德. 陈阅增普通生物学 4. 高等教育出版社. 2014. ISBN 9787040396317.
- ^ 海洋植物：石莼 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Mudassar Anisoddin Kazi, Monica G. Kavale & Veerendra V. Singh (2016) Morphological and molecular characterization of Ulva chaugulii sp. nov., U. lactuca and U. ohnoi (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) from India, Phycologia, 55:1, 45-54, DOI: 10.2216/15-11.1
- ^ Victor Andrei Rodrigues Carneiro, Nuno Tavares Martins, Sebastiana Lidielda Albuquerque da Silva, Maria Beatriz de Barros-Barreto, Sonia Barreto Pereira & Valéria Cassano (2023) Revealing the diversity of the genus Ulva (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) in southeastern Brazil, with a description of Ulva kanagawae sp. nov., Phycologia, 62:5, 407-420, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2243433
- ^ Julie A. Phillips, Rebecca J. Lawton, Rocky Denys, Nicholas A. Paul & Christina Carl (2016) Ulva sapora sp. nov., an abundant tubular species of Ulva (Ulvales) from the tropical Pacific Ocean, Phycologia, 55:1, 55-64, DOI: 10.2216/15-114.1
外部链接
- C. Tanner & Robert Wilkes. Ulva Linnaeus 1753: 1163. AlgaeBase. 2005-02-17 [2010-01-19]. （原始内容存档于2007-02-10）.
- BBC新闻 法国海岸的有毒海藻 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）