北冕座TT Coronae Borealis,缩写T CrB)是位于星座北冕座的一颗再发新星[11]。它最早是由约翰·伯明翰 (天文学家)英语John Birmingham (astronomer)在1866年爆发时发现的[12],然而它早些时候被观测到是一颗10等星[13]。它可能在1217年和1787年被观测到[14][15]

北冕座T
北冕座T的位置(红色圆圈)
观测资料
历元 J2000
星座 北冕座
星官
赤经 15h 59m 30.1622s[1]
赤纬 25° 55′ 12.613″[1]
视星等(V) 2.0–10.8[2]
特性
演化阶段红巨星 + 白矮星
光谱分类M3III+p[3]
变星类型再发新星[2]
天体测定
径向速度 (Rv)−27.79[4] km/s
自行 (μ) 赤经:−4.220[5] mas/yr
赤纬:12.364[5] mas/yr
视差 (π)1.2127 ± 0.0488[5] mas
距离806+34
−30
[6] pc
轨道
绕行周期 (P)227.8 d[7]
半长轴 (a)0.54 AU[6]
偏心率 (e)0.0[7]
倾斜角 (i)67[8]°
详细资料
红巨星
质量1.12[6] M
半径75[8] R
表面重力 (log g)2.0[9]
亮度655[10] L
温度3,600[9] K
白矮星
质量1.37[6] M
亮度~100[8] L
其他命名
BD+26° 2765、​HD 143454、​HIP 78322、​SAO 84129、​2MASS J15593015+2555126
参考数据库
SIMBAD资料

描述

 
根据AAVSO数据绘制的北冕座T在1946年爆发前后的光变曲线

北冕座T的星等通常约为10等,接近典型双筒望远镜的极限。 之前曾观察过它两次爆发,分别在1866年5月12日和1946年2月9日,视星等分别达到2.0等和3.0等[16]。然而,最近的一篇论文显示,1866年的爆发可能具有2.5等的峰值范围,± 0.5[17]。即使在2.5等的峰值星等下,这颗再发新星也比夜空中大约120颗恒星还要暗[18]。它有时被昵称为“烈焰之星”[19]

北冕座T是一个 联星系统,包含一颗巨大的低温恒星和一颗致密的高温恒星。主星是一颗表面温度较低的红巨星,它正在将物质转移到炙热的伴星上。炽热的伴星全部隐藏在来自红巨星的密集物质云中,是一颗被吸积盘环绕的白矮星。当系统处于宁静状态时,红巨星主导可见光的输出,系统呈现的恒星光谱为M3的巨星。炽热的伴星会贡献一些发射并主导紫外线的输出。在爆发过程中,白矮星因为热失控释放出大量的能量,系统的光度因而暴增[6][8][20] [21]

 
AAVSO 观测的再发新星北冕座T 在2008年1月1日至2010年11月17日的光变曲线,显示了红巨星主星的脉动。日数为儒略日

该系统的两颗恒星每228天相互绕行一次。轨道几乎是圆形的,倾斜角度为67°[6]

2016年迄当前的活动

2016年4月20日,天空与望远镜杂志的网站报导,自2015年2月以来,它的亮度从10.5等持续变亮到约9.2等。1938 年,也有类似事件的报导,然后在1946年发生了爆发[22]。到2018年6月,这颗恒星略微变暗,但仍保持着异常高的活动水准。到2023年中期,它的亮度下降了0.35等;这是自2016年以来的最低亮度[23]。1946年爆发前的一年也发生了类似的变暗[24],表明可能在2024年9月之前爆发[25]。尽管据信它即将到来,但截至2024年10月,尚未观测到这样的新星[26]

对下一次新星爆发的预测:

  • 2026-2027(由N.F.H.Knight或W.M.Lindley在1946年所做的预测)[27]
  • 2024年2月中旬至2026年9月底(2023年3月做出的预测)[28]
  • 2024年1月至2024年8月中旬(2023年6月做出的预测)[29]
  • 2024年一月(2023年8月做出的预测)[30]
  • 2024年10月底(2024年6月做出的预测)[31]
  • 2025年3月27日左右、2025年11月10日、2026年6月25日或2027年2月8日(2024年10月做出的预测)[32]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Gaia Collaboration; et al. Gaia Data Release 1. Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties. Astronomy & Astrophysics. November 2016, 595: 23. Bibcode:2016A&A...595A...2G. S2CID 1828208. arXiv:1609.04172 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629512. A2. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013). VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 2009, 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S. 
  3. ^ Shenavrin, V. I.; Taranova, O. G.; Nadzhip, A. E. Search for and study of hot circumstellar dust envelopes. Astronomy Reports. 2011, 55 (1): 31–81. Bibcode:2011ARep...55...31S. S2CID 122700080. doi:10.1134/S1063772911010070. 
  4. ^ Pourbaix, D.; Tokovinin, A. A.; Batten, A. H.; Fekel, F. C.; Hartkopf, W. I.; Levato, H.; Morrell, N. I.; Torres, G.; Udry, S. SB9: The ninth catalogue of spectroscopic binary orbits. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2004, 424 (2): 727–732. Bibcode:2004A&A...424..727P. S2CID 119387088. arXiv:astro-ph/0406573 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041213. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Brown, A. G. A.; Vallenari, A.; Prusti, T.; de Bruijne, J. H. J.; et al. Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2018. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. arXiv:1804.09365 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.  VizieR中此天体在盖亚望远镜第二批数据发布的记录
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Linford, Justin D.; Chomiuk, Laura; Sokoloski, Jennifer L.; Weston, Jennifer H. S.; Van Der Horst, Alexander J.; Mukai, Koji; Barrett, Paul; Mioduszewski, Amy J.; Rupen, Michael. T CRB: Radio Observations during the 2016-2017 "Super-active" State. The Astrophysical Journal. 2019, 884 (1): 8. Bibcode:2019ApJ...884....8L. S2CID 203593955. arXiv:1909.13858 . doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3c62 . 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Fekel, Francis C.; Joyce, Richard R.; Hinkle, Kenneth H.; Skrutskie, Michael F. Infrared Spectroscopy of Symbiotic Stars. I. Orbits for Well-Known S-Type Systems. The Astronomical Journal. 2000, 119 (3): 1375. Bibcode:2000AJ....119.1375F. doi:10.1086/301260 . 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Stanishev, V.; Zamanov, R.; Tomov, N.; Marziani, P. Hα variability of the recurrent nova T Coronae Borealis. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2004, 415 (2): 609–616. Bibcode:2004A&A...415..609S. S2CID 3000175. arXiv:astro-ph/0311309 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034623. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Wallerstein, George; Harrison, Tanya; Munari, Ulisse; Vanture, Andrew. The Metallicity and Lithium Abundances of the Recurring Novae T CrB and RS Oph. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 2008, 120 (867): 492. Bibcode:2008PASP..120..492W. S2CID 106406607. doi:10.1086/587965 . 
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  11. ^ Andrews, Robin George. The Night Sky Will Soon Get ‘a New Star.’ Here’s How to See It. - A nova named T Coronae Borealis lit up the night about 80 years ago, and astronomers say it’s expected to put on another show in the coming months.. The New York Times. 8 March 2024 [9 March 2024]. (原始内容存档于8 March 2024). 
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  13. ^ Barnard, E. E. Nova T Coronae of 1866. Astrophysical Journal. 1907, 25: 279. Bibcode:1907ApJ....25..279B. doi:10.1086/141446. 
  14. ^ The recurrent nova T CrB had prior eruptions observed near December 1787 and October 1217 AD. Journal for the History of Astronomy. [2024-03-21]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-21). 
  15. ^ Evidence of mysterious 'recurring nova' that could reappear in 2024 found in medieval manuscript from 1217. Live Science. [2024-03-21]. (原始内容存档于2024-06-18). 
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