卤砂

化合物氯化铵

卤砂,英文名Salammoniac[2],也称为 Sal ammoniac 或 Salmiac,是一种罕见的天然矿物,主要成分是氯化铵(NH4Cl),可形成无色、白色或黄棕色等轴六面体点阵,难发生解理,易发生贝壳状破裂

卤砂
Salammoniac crystals from a mine in Eisden, Maasmechelen, Limburg, Belgium (field of vision: 1.5 cm)
基本资料
类别Halide mineral
化学式NH4Cl
IMA记号Sam[1]
施特龙茨分类3.AA.25
晶体分类Hexoctahedral (m3m)
H-M symbol: (4/m 3 2/m)
晶体空间群Pm3m
晶胞a = 3.859 Å; Z = 1
性质
分子量53.49 g/mol
颜色Colorless, white, pale gray; may be pale yellow to brown, if impure.
晶体惯态Crystals skeletal or dendritic; massive, encrustations
晶系Isometric
双晶On {111}
解理Imperfect on {111}
断口Conchoidal
韧性/脆性Sectile
莫氏硬度1–2
光泽Vitreous
条痕White
透明性Transparent
比重1.535
光学性质Isotropic
折射率n = 1.639
双折射Weak after deformation
发光性No
吸收光谱No
溶解度In water

卤砂质地柔软,莫氏硬度为1.5至2,比重较低,为1.5,可溶于水。

卤砂也是化合物氯化铵的古老名称。

参考文献

  1. ^ Warr, L.N. IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine. 2021, 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. S2CID 235729616. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 . 
  2. ^ Brandes, Nathalie N.; Brandes, Paul T. Australopithecus to Mindat: Mineralogy through the ages. 2018 New Mexico Mineral Symposium, Proceedings Volume, Theme: "The Santa Eulalia Mining District, Chihuahua, Mexico" (Socorro, NM: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources). 2018-11-10. doi:10.58799/nmms-2018.592.