皮层柱
皮层柱（英文：Cortical column，亦称hypercolumn，macrocolumn[1]，cortical module[2]），是大脑皮层中可以被垂直表面的探针成功穿入的一群神经元，他们拥有几乎相同的感受野。微皮层柱（cortical minicolumn）中的神经元只能记录相同特征的信号，而皮层柱则是一个可以记录其相应感受野中全体有效信号的单元。[3]
这个术语的确切所指目前并不清楚，它并不直接对应于皮层中的任何独立结构。不可能找出对应于一个皮层柱的一组神经结构，目前也没有已知的基因讯息能够指出一个皮层柱是如何构建的。[3]尽管如此，这个柱状组织的假设在目前对于皮层讯息处理的研究中被广为接受。[4]
参考文献
- ^ Buxhoeveden, D. P. The minicolumn hypothesis in neuroscience. Brain. 2002, 125 (5): 935. doi:10.1093/brain/awf110.
- ^ Kolb, Bryan; Whishaw, Ian Q. Fundamentals of human neuropsychology. New York: Worth. 2003. ISBN 0-7167-5300-6.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Horton JC, Adams DL. The cortical column: a structure without a function. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. 2005, 360 (1456): 837–862. PMC 1569491
. PMID 15937015. doi:10.1098/rstb.2005.1623.
- ^ Defelipe, Javier. The neocortical column. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. 2012, 6. doi:10.3389/fnana.2012.00022.
外部链接
- Graham-Rowe, Duncan. Mission to build a simulated brain begins. New Scientist. 6 June 2005 [2014-10-17]. （原始内容存档于2008-10-20）.
[...] the initial phase of Blue Brain will model the electrical structure of neocortical columns - neural circuits that are repeated throughout the brain. These are the network units of the brain, says Markram. Measuring just 0.5 millimetres by 2 mm, these units contain between 10 and 70,000 neurons, depending upon the species. Once this is complete, the behaviour of columns can be mapped and modelled [...]
- The Blue Brain Project （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） aims to simulate a cortical column
- On Intelligence—a popular science book about column function by Jeff Hawkins
- Rakic, P. Confusing cortical columns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. August 2008, 105 (34): 12099–12100. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10512099R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0807271105. Summarizes what is known and corrects some misconceptions.