里法特·阿里尔
里法特·阿里尔（阿拉伯语：رفعت العرعير，罗马化：Rifaʿat al-ʿAriʿīr；1979年9月23日—2023年12月6日[2]）是巴勒斯坦学者、诗人、作家与社会运动家[3]。他于1979年出生于以色列占领下的加沙地带加萨市舒加艾耶[4]，2001年自加沙伊斯兰大学获英语文学学士学位，2007年自英国伦敦大学学院获硕士学位，2017年自马来西亚博特拉大学获英语文学博士学位，论文主题为十七世纪的英国诗人约翰·多恩诗作[5][6]。
| 里法特·阿里尔 رفعت العرعير | |
|---|---|
| 出生 | 1979年9月23日 加沙地带加萨市舒加艾耶 |
| 逝世 | 2023年12月6日（44岁） 加沙地带加萨市舒加艾耶 |
| 死因 | 以色列空袭 |
| 国籍 | 巴勒斯坦人 |
| 职业 | 教授、社会运动者 |
| 配偶 | Nusayba[1] |
| 儿女 | 6 |
| 学术背景 | |
| 母校 | |
| 学术工作 | |
| 学科 | 英语文学 |
| 研究机构 | 加沙伊斯兰大学 |
| 著名作品 |
|
2007年起阿里尔在加沙伊斯兰大学教授文学与创意写作[1]，主要讲授莎士比亚诗作[7][8]，但其授课内容也包括以色列诗人耶胡达·阿米亥作品，他指后者的诗作“美丽但危险”[9]。另外阿里尔也是非政府组织我们不是数字的共同创办人，为加沙地带的青年提供英语写作教学，以帮助他们讲述对抗以色列占领的故事[10][11]。阿里尔先后于2014年与2015年出版短篇故事集Gaza Writes Back与Gaza Unsilenced，并于受访时表示其目标为“为未来的世代留下证言”[12]。
阿里尔生前经常也撰文批判以色列，以色列—哈玛斯战争期间曾受BBC、Democracy Now!与ABC新闻专访[13][14][15]，他指哈玛斯突袭以色列的阿克萨洪水行动为正当且道德的，并将其与二战期间的华沙犹太区起义相提并论，引发相当争议[16]；另外他也否认该行动中有性暴力发生，指其为将加萨种族灭绝正当化的谎言[17][18]。阿里尔自战争爆发后就拒绝离开加沙地带北部[19]，2023年12月6日晚间6点左右，阿里尔与数名家人在加萨北部死于以色列军队的空袭[3][20][21]，非政府组织欧洲-地中海人权监察表示阿里尔显然是被以军作为直接目标攻击，其住家遭精确的外科手术式打击，且阿里尔死前已收到数次来自以方的死亡威胁[20]。阿里尔的遗作“如果我必须死亡”（If I must die）广为流传，已被翻译成超过40种语言[17][22][23]。
个人生活
里法特·阿里尔已婚并育有6名子女。他的一名兄弟（Hamada）与其妻Nusayba的祖父、兄弟、姐妹和三名侄女都在2014年加沙战争死于以军轰炸[20]。2021年以巴冲突期间他曾在《纽约时报》撰文讲述战争对其子女的影响[24]。在工作之外，阿里尔也在动物园担任志工[25][26]。
作品
编作
- Alareer, Refaat (编). Gaza Writes Back: Short Stories from Young Writers in Gaza, Palestine. Charlottesville, VA: Just World Books. 2014 [2024-03-03]. ISBN 978-1-935982-35-7. （原始内容存档于2024-04-27）.
- Alareer, Refaat; El-Haddad, Laila (编). Gaza Unsilenced. Charlottesville, VA: Just World Books. 2015 [2024-03-03]. ISBN 978-1-935982-55-5. （原始内容存档于2024-03-27）.
短文
- Alareer, Refaat. My Child Asks, 'Can Israel Destroy Our Building if the Power Is Out?'. The New York Times. 13 May 2021 [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于7 December 2023）.
- Alareer, Refaat. Gaza Asks: When Shall This Pass?. Abusalim, Jehad; Bing, Jennifer; Merryman-Lotze, Michael (编). Light in Gaza: Writings Born of Fire. Chicago, Illinois: AFSC and Haymarket Books. 2022: 15–28 [2024-03-03]. ISBN 978-1-64259-725-7. （原始内容存档于2024-01-01）.
- Alareer, Refaat. They even keep our corpses: Dying in Israeli prisons. Scalawag Magazine. 20 June 2023 [11 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-06）.
And in a display of extreme cruelty, the officer's callous words echoed through the air, reverberating with the weight of a thousand fatherless nights. With a smirk, he brazenly boasted to the grief-stricken son, "I killed your father." The room fell into an abyss of silence. Time stood still, shattered by the impact of those haunting syllables. 'It was like they killed my father twice.'
论文
- Alareer, Refaat R. Unframing John Donne's Transgressive Poetry in Light of Bakhtin's Dialogic Theories (PDF) (Ph.D.论文). Serdang, Selangor: Universiti Putra Malaysia. August 2017 [10 December 2023]. OCLC 1121182447. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2024-03-25）.
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Sheehan, Dan. Poet and scholar Refaat Alareer has been killed by an Israeli airstrike. Literary Hub. 7 December 2023 [7 December 2023].
- ^ 'If I must die, you must live to tell my story…': Israel targets and kills beloved poet Refaat Alareer. Beirut Today. 9 December 2023 [10 December 2023].
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Tributes pour in for Gaza's 'most prominent' academic, killed in Israeli attack. Al Jazeera. 7 December 2023 [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于15 December 2023）.
- ^ Casagrande, Orsola. Renaat Alareer: Living under Israeli occupation. ANF News. 19 October 2018 [8 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-08）.
- ^ Refaat Alareer. American Friends Service Committee. 21 January 2016 [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-08）.
- ^ Alareer, Refaat R. Unframing John Donne's Transgressive Poetry in Light of Bakhtin's Dialogic Theories (PDF) (Ph.D.论文). Serdang, Selangor: Universiti Putra Malaysia. August 2017 [10 December 2023]. OCLC 1121182447. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2024-03-25）.
- ^ Refaat Alareer. Palestine Book Awards. [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于30 November 2022）.
- ^ Edwards, Jonathan. A Gazan professor wrote a poem 'If I Must Die.' He was killed in a bombing.. Washington Post. 2023-12-14 [2023-12-15]. ISSN 0190-8286.
- ^ Kingsley, Patrick. In Gaza, a Contentious Palestinian Professor Calmly Teaches Israeli Poetry. The New York Times. 16 November 2021 [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于14 November 2023）.
- ^ Saab, Sheren. Young Gazans' First Step Toward Liberation: Writing. Haaretz. 30 October 2022 [9 June 2023]. （原始内容存档于11 November 2022）.
- ^ Palestinian Poet Refaat Alareer Killed In Gaza Strike. Barrons. 7 December 2023 [8 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于8 December 2023）.
- ^ The Story Behind 'Gaza Writes Back'. Palestine Chronicle. 21 May 2016 [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于9 December 2022）.
- ^ Refaat Alareer in Gaza: Israel's "Barbaric" Bombardment Is Part of Ethnic Cleansing Campaign. Democracy Now!. 10 October 2023 [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于15 October 2023）.
- ^ Refaat Alareer remarks on Gaza hospital blast. ABC News. 18 October 2023 [7 December 2023].
- ^ Greyman-Kennard, Danielle. Hamas terror against Israel like 'Warsaw Ghetto uprising', says BBC guest. The Jerusalem Post. 8 October 2023 [7 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于27 November 2023）.
- ^ Refaat Alareer: Palestinians mourn writer killed in air strike. BBC (BBC News). 7 December 2023 [8 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于8 December 2023）.
- ^ 17.0 17.1 AFP. Palestinian poet Refaat Alareer killed in Gaza. The Guardian. 8 December 2023 [8 December 2023]. ISSN 0261-3077. （原始内容存档于8 December 2023）.
- ^ Zaanoun, Adel. Tributes Pour In For Controversial Palestinian Poet Killed In Gaza. Barron's. 8 December 2023 [8 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于8 December 2023）.
- ^ UCL urged to issue statement on ex student's death. BBC News. 2023-12-13 [2023-12-17]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-20）.
- ^ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Israeli Strike on Refaat al-Areer Apparently Deliberate. Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor. 8 December 2023 [8 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于8 December 2023）.
- ^ Salman, Sana Noor Haq, Abeer. Prominent Gaza professor and writer killed in airstrike, weeks after telling CNN he and his family had 'nowhere else to go'. CNN. 2023-12-11 [2023-12-17]. （原始内容存档于2024-04-10）.
- ^ Sheehan, Dan. Watch Brian Cox read "If I Must Die" by murdered Palestinian poet Refaat Alareer.. Literary Hub. 2023-12-13 [2023-12-15]. （原始内容存档于13 December 2023）.
- ^ Alareer, Refaat [@itranslate123]. If I must die, let it be a tale. #FreePalestine #Gaza (推文) –通过Twitter. Missing or empty |date= (help)
- ^ My Child Asks, 'Can Israel Destroy Our Building if the Power Is Out?'. Refaat Alareer. New York Times. 13 May 2021 [13 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于7 December 2023）.
- ^ Starvation and airstrikes killed majority of the animals in Gaza zoo. YouTube. Al Jazeera. [21 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-25）.
- ^ 'Killed or Starved to Death' – Gaza Animals not Spared in Israeli Assault. The Palestine Chronicle. 2 December 2023 [21 December 2023]. （原始内容存档于2024-04-17）.
