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Phonk
Phonk歌曲的简短例子
风格起源
文化起源2010年代，美国
典型乐器
类型分支
其他主题

Phonk（聆听i/fɒŋk/），又音译作“冯克”，一受1990年代孟菲斯说唱（英语：Memphis rap）直接影响的陷阱嘻哈子流派，其风格特点结合了旧孟菲斯饶舌磁带，以及1990年代的采样嘻哈人声等元素，其中乐兰TR-808电子鼓的牛铃（英语：Cowbell (instrument )]]）采样声犹为突出，同时也应用了忧郁、失真的切碎并拧紧（英语：chopped and screwed）技术。

该流派起源自1990年代的休士顿与孟菲斯等美国南部地区，其早期先驱有DJ Screw（英语：DJ Screw）、X-Raided（英语：X-Raided）、DJ Spanish Fly（英语：DJ Spanish Fly）和邪恶黑帮（英语：Three 6 Mafia）乐团等，而“Phonk”一词则于2010年代初由饶舌歌手太空幽灵普特（英语：SpaceGhostPurrp）所创并普及。飘移Phonk（Drift phonk）则是初在2010年代末在俄罗斯出现的Phonk子流派，它的显著区别为将牛铃声融进旋律内，伴有持续而响亮的电贝斯音。飘移Phonk的流行要归功于社交媒体平台短影片的广泛使用，其受欢迎程度甚至超越正宗的Phonk。

历史

Phonk took inspiration from trap roots in the Southern United States in the mid-1990s.[1] Artists or musical groups like DJ Screw, X-Raided, DJ Spanish Fly,[2] DJ Squeeky,[3] and the collective Three 6 Mafia all helped pioneer the foundations for the genre to emerge many years later, with the Houston chopped and screwed seen as the precursor to the genre.[1] Artists such as SpaceGhostPurrp and Lil Ugly Mane revived the sound in the form of phonk in the early 2010s.[4][5]

The word "phonk" was popularized by SpaceGhostPurrp,[6] who released tracks such as "Pheel tha Phonk", "Bringin' tha Phonk", and "Keep Bringin' tha Phonk" as well his debut album in 2012 called Mysterious Phonk: Chronicles of SpaceGhostPurrp.[7][8][9] In an interview, he explained that "phonk is slang for funk", in reference to the G-funk music genre.[10] YouTube channels such as Ryan Celsius also helped popularize the genre.[11] Phonk producers continued to push this sound in the underground, before the genre gained real momentum during the mid-2010s.[1]

By the end of 2017, phonk had shifted away from the "gritty, dark, Memphis-oriented sound", incorporating more modern vocals, with elements of jazz and classic hip hop.[1] This stream of phonk has been described as "rare phonk" by Celsius, characterized by "more of a cleaner, almost mainstream trap sound".[12] Between 2016 and 2018, phonk was one of the most listened genres on SoundCloud, with the hashtag #phonk among the most trending each year.[13][14][15]

特征

Directly inspired by 1990s Memphis rap, phonk is characterized by old Memphis rap vocals and samples from early 1990s hip hop.[16] These are often combined with jazz and funk samples.[1] The chopped and screwed technique is mainly used, in order to create a darker sound.[1][16]

A peculiarity of phonk is the fact that it is not anchored to a regional "scene":[1][16] it is tied to SoundCloud itself as an online platform, which highlights subgenres derived from hip hop and experimental pop.[2][17] Other notable artists associated with "new-age phonk" include DJ Smokey,[18] DJ Yung Vamp,[19] Soudiere,[20] and Mythic.[2][7]

子流派

飘移Phonk

飘移Phonk的节拍样本

Drift phonk, a subgenre of phonk, emerged in the late-2010s in Russia.[21][22] It is characterized by the use of high bass, cowbells, and distorted sounds,[12] making the lyrics of the samples often unrecognizable.[22] Drift phonk tracks tend to have a greater tempo than normal phonk tracks.[5] Drift phonk music is often used in videos pertaining to the topics of weight lifting, drifting, association football,[23] anime, fighting sports, and street racing cars.[22][24][5][25] The genre quickly gained traction through the app TikTok in 2020.[22][24] Most of the prominent drift phonk producers come from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and other countries in Eastern Europe.[22][24]

As drift phonk became popular on TikTok, it surpassed the original genre in popularity; this, in turn, gave the word "phonk" a stronger association with the drift phonk subgenre.[26] Following the rise in popularity of the genre in Russia,[27] Spotify released its official curated phonk playlist in May 2021,[28] which was almost exclusively composed of drift phonk tracks.[26] One of the first songs in this genre is called "Scary Garry", released in 2016 by Kaito Shoma.[21]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Anand, Aashna. The Evolution of Soundcloud's Popular New Genre: Phonk. Lucid Monday. April 13, 2020 [April 14, 2020]. （原始内容存档于16 January 2022） （英语）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Albors, Maxime. Lowpocus nous explique pourquoi le phonk est en train de ressusciter. Vice. November 2, 2017 [April 14, 2020] （法语）. 
  3. ^ Luján, David. Rap y terror: una introducción al horrorcore en 11 canciones. Shock. 20 January 2022 [21 March 2022] （西班牙语）. 
  4. ^ What the Phonk. coeo. [23 October 2021] （美国英语）. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Calamel Duprey, Charlotte. Qu'est-ce que le "drift phonk", ce phénomène internet qui mêle hip-hop, ados russes et street racing [What is "drift phonk", this internet phenomenon that mixes hip-hop, Russian teens and street racing]. Trax Magazine. 24 January 2022 [19 March 2022]. （原始内容存档于December 3, 2022） （法语）. 
  6. ^ Houghton, Edwin. The Okayplayer Interview: SpaceGhostPurrp Reveals The Mysteries of Phonk. Okayplayer. 31 August 2012 [23 October 2021] （美国英语）. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 La vaportrap s'impose en bande son des Internets. SURL. October 26, 2017 [April 14, 2020] （fr-FR）. 
  8. ^ Bassil, Ryan. Please, Kids. Help Us: What Is "Phonk"?. Vice. February 13, 2017 [April 14, 2020] （英语）. 
  9. ^ SpaceGhostPurrp: Mysterious Phonk: The Chronicles of SpaceGhostPurrp. Pitchfork. [2023-11-17] （美国英语）. 
  10. ^ Saxelby, Ruth. Back to the funking phuture. the Guardian. 30 March 2012 [21 March 2022] （英语）. 
  11. ^ Broc, David. 'Phonk', o som futurista do hip hop, faz sucesso na Internet. EL PAÍS. March 1, 2017 [April 14, 2020] （巴西葡萄牙语）. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Leight, Elias. Russian Producers Obsessed With Three 6 Mafia Can't Stop Going Viral. Rolling Stone. 29 April 2021 [28 August 2021] （美国英语）. 
  13. ^ SoundCloud » A Throwback to 2016. blog.soundcloud.com. [May 28, 2020]. 
  14. ^ SoundCloud » The 2017 SoundCloud Playback. blog.soundcloud.com. [May 28, 2020]. 
  15. ^ SoundCloud » The 2018 SoundCloud Playback. blog.soundcloud.com. [May 28, 2020]. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Haynes, Gavin. What the phonk? The genre that's gripping Generation Z. The Guardian. January 27, 2017 [April 14, 2020]. ISSN 0261-3077 （英国英语）. 
  17. ^ Broc, David. El 'phonk', el sonido futurista del 'hip hop', triunfa en Internet. El País. March 2, 2017 [April 14, 2020]. ISSN 1134-6582 （西班牙语）. 
  18. ^ Nostalgická jízda jménem phonk. Lo-fi, špína & přetočené beaty z kazet. Radio Wave. 15 January 2022 [21 March 2022] （捷克语）. 
  19. ^ DJ Yung Vamp. StuckMagazine. November 2, 2020 [November 2, 2020] （英语）. 
  20. ^ Guillard, Eloïse. 5 artistes à découvrir dès maintenant !. BLOW ENTERTAINMENT. 25 June 2021 [21 March 2022] （fr-FR）. 
  21. ^ 21.0 21.1 Лейзаренко, Даша. Дрифт, тачки, мемы и тикток: фонк — один из жанров года. Российские музыканты сделали его популярным во всём интернете — Интернет на TJ. TJ. 2021-12-23 [2022-02-03]. 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 Bola, David. Il faut que l'on vous parle du Drift Phonk. Radio Nova. 30 April 2021 [17 August 2021] （fr-FR）. 
  23. ^ Funk carioca music leaks into the soccer culture of Brazil. World Soccer Talk. 2023-06-05 [2024-07-24] （英语）. 
  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Leight, Elias. All You Need To Know About Phonk, the Dance Subgenre That's Taking Off. Billboard. 2022-11-18 [2023-04-02] （美国英语）. 
  25. ^ Synthwave car culture: A new wave of automotive enthusiasts. Hagerty Media. 2020-05-01 [2021-05-10] （美国英语）. 
  26. ^ 26.0 26.1 Crocker, Jackson. Phonk, and the Carcasses of A Million Sub-Genres. The Summit Pinnacle. 27 April 2022 [24 January 2023]. 
  27. ^ Музыкальные итоги 2021 в Spotify: что слушали геймеры? [Spotify Music Results 2021: What Have Gamers Been Listening to?]. vc.ru. Spotify. December 10, 2021 [February 3, 2022] （俄语）. 
  28. ^ Сегодня в карточках рассказываем о наследнике мемфис-рэпа — фонке. [Today in the cards we talk about the heir of Memphis rap — Phonk.]. Facebook. Spotify. May 12, 2021 [February 3, 2022] （俄语）. 
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