安第斯前陸盆地

安第斯前陸盆地(英語:Andean foreland basins)是一組前陸盆地,位於南美洲西半部,緊鄰安第斯山脈以東。 亞馬遜河流域的安第斯前陸盆地被稱為亞馬遜前陸盆地。沿著安第斯造山帶的走向,這些前陸盆地有明顯的交替性地質構造,通常具有清晰的邊界[1],因而產生了一系列安第斯前陸的分割,都具有不同的發展歷史[2][3][4][5][6][7].

安第斯前陸盆地的構造形狀、構造變形時間和速率,以及沉積歷史有顯著的南北變化。 這些緯度向的變化不僅與繼承前安第斯盆地有關,而且與逆衝斷層、及其相關的侵蝕和沈積作用有關[8]

在這地區的前陸盆地變形有三種基本不同的構造樣式[1]

  1. 薄皮變形:是一種淺逆衝斷層中,僅涉及覆蓋岩(通常是沉積岩),而不涉及更深的基底岩。
  2. 厚皮變形:並通常涉及基底岩層和深部斷層的構造變形,深度為 10-20 km 和
  3. 基底逆斷層。

在秘魯以北的安第斯前陸盆地,其逆衝斷層以薄皮變形及厚皮變形爲主,而且在北部的厚皮變形向西置疊,並繼承於中二疊統褶皺逆衝帶。 往南部,逆衝斷層變形逐漸趨向薄皮變形,主要受古生代楔型沉積體的幾何形狀控制[8]

三種基本結構樣式對縮短地殼的效率不同:薄皮變形通常縮短 40-70%,厚皮變形縮短 20-35%,基底逆斷層縮短不到 10%。因此,也就造成沿走向的前陸盆地結構的分割[1]

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 J. Kley, C.R. Monaldi, J.A. Salfity (1999) Along-strike segmentation of the Andean foreland: causes and consequences, Tectonophysics,Volume 301, Issues 1–2, Pages 75-94, ISSN 0040-1951, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(98)90223-2.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040195198902232)
  2. ^ Summa, L.L.; Goodman, E.D.; Richardson, M.; Norton, I.O.; Green, A.R. (2003). "Hydrocarbon systems of Northeastern Venezuela: plate through molecular scale-analysis of the genesis and evolution of the Eastern Venezuela Basin". Marine and Petroleum Geology. 20 (3–4): 323–349. doi:10.1016/s0264-8172(03)00040-0.
  3. ^ Baby, Patrice; Rivadeneira, Marco; Barragán, Roberto (2004). "Introducción". In Baby, Patrice; Rivadeneira, Marco; Barragán, Roberto (eds.). La Cuenca Oriente: Geología y Petróleo (in Spanish). pp. 13–20. ISBN 978-9978-43-859-6.
  4. ^ 「Cuenca Cuyana". Secretaría de Energía (in Spanish). Government of Argentina. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  5. ^ "Cuenca Neuquina". Secretaría de Energía (in Spanish). Government of Argentina. Retrieved 30 November 2015. Gallardo, Rocío E. (2014). "Seismic sequence stratigraphy of a foreland unit in the Magallanes-Austral Basin, Dorado Riquelme Block, Chile: Implications for deep-marine reservoirs". Latin American Journal of Sedimentology and Basin Analysis (in Spanish). 1221 (1). Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  6. ^ "Cuenca Austral". Secretaría de Energía (in Spanish). Government of Argentina. Retrieved 30 November 2015. De una superficie total de 170.000 Km2, unos 23.000 Km2 pertenecen al área costa afuera.
  7. ^ Wilson, T.J. (1991). "Transition from back-arc to foreland basin development in the southernmost Andes: Stratigraphic record from the Ultima Esperanza District, Chile". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 103 (1): 98–111. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0098:tfbatf>2.3.co;2.
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Patrice Baby, Ysabel Calderón, Stéphane Brusset, Martin Roddaz, Stéphanie Brichau, Adrien Eude, Gérome Calves, Ysabel Calderón, Alejandro Quispe, Léonardo Ramirez, Asaid Bandach, Rolando Bolaños, Christian Hurtado, Mélanie Louterbach, Nicolas Espurt (2018) AAPG Memoir 117: Petroleum Basins and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Andes of Peru and Bolivia,Pages 91-119。 DOI: 10.1306/13622118M1173767