弗里茨·杜肯
德國一戰、二戰間諜
弗里茨·茹伯特·杜肯（德語：Fritz Joubert Duquesne，1877年9月21日—1956年5月24日），是一位布爾裔的德國軍人、間諜和記者。杜肯在第二次布爾戰爭期間與布爾人並肩作戰[1][2]，其後在兩次世界大戰中擔任德國的秘密特工首領。他曾於一戰期間策劃暗殺了英國陸軍元帥基奇納[3]，並廣泛活躍在南非、英國、南美洲以及美國等地區收集情報，組織間諜活動[4]。1941年6月，美國聯邦調查局破獲了他所領導的情報組織「杜肯間諜環」，該組織的成員合計被判處300多年的監禁[5][6]。
| 弗里茨·杜肯 | |
|---|---|
 弗里茨·茹伯特·杜肯上校 | |
| 出生 | 1877年9月21日  開普殖民地 |
| 逝世 | 1956年5月24日 （78歲） 紐約 |
| 母校 | |
| 職業 | 證券經紀人、新聞工作者 |
| 獎項 | 鐵十字勳章 |
參考資料
- ^ Reprobate 2013.
- ^ West 1932，第33–34頁.
- ^ Wood 1932.
- ^ Duffy 2014，第153頁.
- ^ FBI 2013.
- ^ Duffy 2014，第272頁.
文獻來源
- Adams, Jefferson. Historical Dictionary of German Intelligence. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8108-6320-0. OCLC 316327237.
- Benbow, Colin. Boer Prisoners of War in Bermuda. Bermuda: Island Press Limited. 1994. ISBN 0-9697893-0-0.
- Burnham, Frederick Russell. Taking Chances. Los Angeles: Haynes. 1944. ISBN 978-1-879356-32-0. OCLC 2785490.
- Crew, Danny O. Presidential Sheet Music: An Illustrated Catalogue of Published Music Associated with the American Presidency and Those who Sought the Office. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. 2001. ISBN 978-0-7864-0928-0. OCLC 45313670.
- Duffy, Peter. Double Agent. New York: Scribner. 2014. ISBN 978-1-4516-6795-0.
- Eplett, Layla. The Hunger Game Meat: How Hippos Nearly Invaded American Cuisine. Scientific American. 27 March 2014 [2023-03-21]. ISSN 0036-8733. （原始內容存檔於2014-03-28）.
- Evans, Leslie. Fritz Joubert Duquesne: Boer Avenger, German Spy, Munchausen Fantasist. 1 April 2014 [6 April 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014-04-07）.
- Fleming, Mike. RatPac, Edward Norton's Class 5 Options 'American Hippopotamus'. Deadline Hollywood. [5 June 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014-08-07）.
- Gevinson, Alan. Within Our Gates: Ethnicity in American Feature Films, 1911–1960. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. 1997. ISBN 978-0-520-20964-0. OCLC 36783858.
- Lee, Henry. Biggest Spy Ring. Coronet. 1951, 31 (2).
- Lott, J. "Jack" P. Major F. R. Burnham, D.S.O. Rhodesiana. March 1977, 36. ISSN 0556-9605.
- Miller, Greg. The Crazy, Ingenious Plan to Bring Hippopotamus Ranching to America. Wired. 20 December 2013 [2023-03-21]. ISSN 1059-1028. （原始內容存檔於2014-03-17）.
- Mooallem, John. American Hippopotamus. New York: The Atavist. 2013 [7 March 2014]. （原始內容存檔於21 February 2014）.
- Munnion, Christopher. Town under siege as missing 'Kruger gold' is found on farm. The Telegraph (London). 2001 [5 June 2014]. ISSN 0307-1235. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-21）.
- Quigley, Martin S; Dwyer, T Ryle. A U.S. spy in Ireland
. Dublin: Marino Books. 1999. ISBN 9781860230950. OCLC 59450374. - Ronnie, Art. Counterfeit hero : Fritz Duquesne, adventurer and spy. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press. 1995. ISBN 1-55750-733-3. OCLC 605599179.
- Sayers, Michael; Kahn, Albert Eugene. Sabotage! The Secret War Against America. Annapolis, Md.: Harper & brothers. 1942. OCLC 690978.
- Tunney, Thomas J; Hollister, Paul M. Throttled! The detection of the German and anarchist bomb plotters. Boston: Boston, Small, Maynard & company. 1919. OCLC 557531131.
- West, James E.; Peter O. Lamb. He-who-sees-in-the-dark; the Boys' Story of Frederick Burnham, the American Scout. illustrated by Lord Baden-Powell. New York: Brewer, Warren and Putnam; Boy Scouts of America. 1932.
- Wood, Clement. The man who killed Kitchener; the life of Fritz Joubert Duquesne, 1879–. New York: Faro, Inc. 1932. OCLC 1071583.
外部連結
