白色毛結節菌病

白色毛結節菌病
白色毛結節菌病
症狀	毛髮白色結節、無明顯症狀
病因	絲孢酵母屬真菌感染
治療	減除患部毛髮、使用含抗真菌藥的洗髮精
分類和外部資源
醫學專科	傳染病學
ICD-11	1F2D.2
ICD-9-CM	111.2
DiseasesDB	31871
	[編輯此條目的維基數據]

白色毛結節菌病（White piedra）又稱毛幹白節症，是擔子菌門絲孢酵母屬真菌造成的慢性毛髮感染^[1]。過去認為致病物種僅有T. beigelii（現名T. cutaneum），現已知還有T. asahii、T. mucoides、T. ovoides、T. asteroides與T. inkin等多個物種皆可感染，其中T. inkin、T. ovoides與T. cutaneum造成的感染最多^[2]。被感染的患者的毛幹周圍會出現白色或淺黃色、易脫落的不規則結節。全身各處毛髮均可能感染，多數患者為頭髮被感染，而陰毛的感染可能伴隨棒狀桿菌感染^[3]。

白色毛結節菌病不會在人與人之間傳染^[3]。在所有人群中年輕女性的感染率最高^[2]^[4]。染病者的毛髮樣本經氫氧化鉀處理後可觀察到芽生孢子（英語：blastospores）與關節孢子（英語：Arthrospore）^[2]。此病除感染毛髮外無其他症狀，治療方式包括減除患部毛髮、使用含有酮康唑等抗真菌藥的洗髮精清洗等^[5]^[6]。

絲孢酵母屬真菌感染免疫缺乏的患者時，可能發生嚴重的全身性感染，即絲孢酵母病^[7]。

參見

何德毛結節菌（英語：Piedraia hortae）：子囊菌門毛孢子菌屬的真菌，也可感染毛髮，造成黑色毛結節菌病（black piedra）^[8]。

參考文獻

^ Pontes ZB, Ramos AL, Lima Ede O, Guerra Mde F, Oliveira NM, Santos JP. Clinical and mycological study of scalp white piedra in the State of Paraíba, Brazil (PDF). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. July 2002, 97 (5): 747–50. PMID 12219146. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762002000500028  .
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Robles-Tenorio, Arturo; Lepe-Moreno, Kenia Yolanda; Mayorga-Rodríguez, Jorge. White Piedra, a Rare Superficial Mycosis: an Update. Current Fungal Infection Reports. 2020-09, 14 (3): 197–202. doi:10.1007/s12281-020-00389-0.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Prieto-Granada, Carlos N.; Lobo, Alice Z.C.; Mihm, Martin C. Skin Infections. Diagnostic Pathology of Infectious Disease. 2018: 542–647. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-44585-6.00020-5.
^ Roshan, AnupamaS; Janaki, C; Parveen, B. White piedra in a mother and daughter. International Journal of Trichology. 2009, 1 (2): 140. doi:10.4103/0974-7753.58559.
^ Bieber, Amy Kalowitz; Pomeranz, Miriam Keltz; Kim, Randie H. White Piedra . JAMA Dermatology. 2021-03-01, 157 (3): 339. ISSN 2168-6068. PMID 33471028. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.4266.
^ Kiken DA, Sekaran A, Antaya RJ, Davis A, Imaeda S, Silverberg NB. White piedra in children. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. December 2006, 55 (6): 956–61. PMID 17097391. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.11.1033.
^ Marty FM, Barouch DH, Coakley EP, Baden LR. Disseminated trichosporonosis caused by Trichosporon loubieri. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2003, 41 (11): 5317–20. PMC 262469  . PMID 14605194. doi:10.1128/JCM.41.11.5317-5320.2003.
^ Greywal, Tanya; Friedlander, Sheila Fallon. Dermatophytes and Other Superficial Fungi. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2018: 1282–1287.e2. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-40181-4.00254-1.

DermAtlas 2062238337

[pmid12219146-1] Pontes ZB, Ramos AL, Lima Ede O, Guerra Mde F, Oliveira NM, Santos JP. Clinical and mycological study of scalp white piedra in the State of Paraíba, Brazil (PDF). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. July 2002, 97 (5): 747–50. PMID 12219146. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762002000500028  .

[Arturo-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Robles-Tenorio, Arturo; Lepe-Moreno, Kenia Yolanda; Mayorga-Rodríguez, Jorge. White Piedra, a Rare Superficial Mycosis: an Update. Current Fungal Infection Reports. 2020-09, 14 (3): 197–202. doi:10.1007/s12281-020-00389-0.

[Carlos-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Prieto-Granada, Carlos N.; Lobo, Alice Z.C.; Mihm, Martin C. Skin Infections. Diagnostic Pathology of Infectious Disease. 2018: 542–647. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-44585-6.00020-5.

[4] Roshan, AnupamaS; Janaki, C; Parveen, B. White piedra in a mother and daughter. International Journal of Trichology. 2009, 1 (2): 140. doi:10.4103/0974-7753.58559.

[bieber2021-5] Bieber, Amy Kalowitz; Pomeranz, Miriam Keltz; Kim, Randie H. White Piedra . JAMA Dermatology. 2021-03-01, 157 (3): 339. ISSN 2168-6068. PMID 33471028. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.4266.

[pmid17097391-6] Kiken DA, Sekaran A, Antaya RJ, Davis A, Imaeda S, Silverberg NB. White piedra in children. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. December 2006, 55 (6): 956–61. PMID 17097391. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.11.1033.

[pmid14605194-7] Marty FM, Barouch DH, Coakley EP, Baden LR. Disseminated trichosporonosis caused by Trichosporon loubieri. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2003, 41 (11): 5317–20. PMC 262469  . PMID 14605194. doi:10.1128/JCM.41.11.5317-5320.2003.

[8] Greywal, Tanya; Friedlander, Sheila Fallon. Dermatophytes and Other Superficial Fungi. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2018: 1282–1287.e2. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-40181-4.00254-1.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]