著裝守則

服裝是人類形象基礎的一部分，除了滿足基本的保護和修飾功能之外，它的每個配件也傳達出不同的文化和社會意義，在絕大多數的人文社會中都有屬於自己的著裝守則，其中的大部分規則都是不成文規定但被大多數人所接受的。而著裝守則的主要目的通常是為了傳達著裝者的某種訊息，例如著裝者的職業、社會地位、社會性別、宗教信仰、性暗示及其他。

有一些地方的學校，例如亞洲的一些國家，都要求學生穿著校服上學，^[1]^[2]一些地方甚至對學生的髮型有所規範，而對髮型的規範又稱為「髮禁」。很多其他的職業，如軍隊、警察、僧侶、神職人員等，也有自己的制服和髮型規定；很多私人企業也會對員工的服裝儀容甚至髮型做出規範，一些社交場合也會對參與者服裝儀容和髮型等做出規範。

要求服裝儀容規範可能有好處，像例如就學校的情境而言，盡管有些研究認為制服無助改善學生的課業和行為表現^[3]^[4]，但也有相當數量的研究顯示，引進學校制服有助改善學生整體的課業和行為表現。^[5]^[6]^[7]；比起沒有制服的學校，有制服的學校的老師所感受的校園幫派活動校少，反之比起有制服的學校，沒有制服的學校的學生有較高的自我知覺。^[8]^[9]

參考文獻

^ 管了百年高中制服解禁. 蘋果日報. [2017-03-03]. （原始內容存檔於2017-09-17）（中文（臺灣））.
^ 劉揚銘. 廢除服儀規定，才是制服文化的開始？. 鳴人堂. [2017-03-03]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-20）（中文（臺灣））.
^ Ryan Yeung. Are School Uniforms a Good Fit?: Results From the ECLS-K and the NELS. 2009-10-22 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0895904808330170. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-14）.
^ David L. Brunsma &Kerry A. Rockquemore. Effects of Student Uniforms on Attendance, Behavior Problems, Substance Use, and Academic Achievement. The Journal of Educational Research. 1998, 92 (1): 53–62 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220679809597575. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-27）.
^ Chris Baumann , Hana Krskova. School discipline, school uniforms and academic performance. International Journal of Educational Management. 2016-08-08, 30 (6): 1003–1029 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1108/IJEM-09-2015-0118. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-27）.
^ Elisabetta Gentile, Scott A. Imberman. Dressed for success? The effect of school uniforms on student achievement and behavior. Journal of Urban Economics. 2012-01, 71 (1): 1–17 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2011.10.002. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-27）.
^ Ann Bodine. School Uniforms, Academic Achievement, and Uses of Research. The Journal of Educational Research. 2003, 97 (2): 67–71 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220670309597509. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-21）.
^ Kathleen Kiley Wade, Mary E. Stafford. Public School Uniforms: Effect on Perceptions of Gang Presence, School Climate, and Student Self-Perceptions. Education and Urban Society. 2003-08-01, 35 (4): 399–420 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0013124503255002. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-09）.
^ Denise-Marie Ordway. School uniforms: Do they really improve student achievement, behavior?. Journalist's Resource. [2021-02-15]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-03）.

參見

[1] 管了百年高中制服解禁. 蘋果日報. [2017-03-03]. （原始內容存檔於2017-09-17）（中文（臺灣））.

[2] 劉揚銘. 廢除服儀規定，才是制服文化的開始？. 鳴人堂. [2017-03-03]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-20）（中文（臺灣））.

[3] Ryan Yeung. Are School Uniforms a Good Fit?: Results From the ECLS-K and the NELS. 2009-10-22 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0895904808330170. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-14）.

[4] David L. Brunsma &Kerry A. Rockquemore. Effects of Student Uniforms on Attendance, Behavior Problems, Substance Use, and Academic Achievement. The Journal of Educational Research. 1998, 92 (1): 53–62 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220679809597575. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-27）.

[5] Chris Baumann , Hana Krskova. School discipline, school uniforms and academic performance. International Journal of Educational Management. 2016-08-08, 30 (6): 1003–1029 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1108/IJEM-09-2015-0118. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-27）.

[6] Elisabetta Gentile, Scott A. Imberman. Dressed for success? The effect of school uniforms on student achievement and behavior. Journal of Urban Economics. 2012-01, 71 (1): 1–17 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2011.10.002. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-27）.

[7] Ann Bodine. School Uniforms, Academic Achievement, and Uses of Research. The Journal of Educational Research. 2003, 97 (2): 67–71 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220670309597509. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-21）.

[8] Kathleen Kiley Wade, Mary E. Stafford. Public School Uniforms: Effect on Perceptions of Gang Presence, School Climate, and Student Self-Perceptions. Education and Urban Society. 2003-08-01, 35 (4): 399–420 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0013124503255002. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-09）.

[9] Denise-Marie Ordway. School uniforms: Do they really improve student achievement, behavior?. Journalist's Resource. [2021-02-15]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-03）.

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