維基百科

4-甲基苯胺

4-甲基苯胺是有機化合物，化學式C₇H₉N，是甲苯胺的同分異構體。

4-甲基苯胺
別名 對甲基苯胺
識別
CAS號 106-49-0  checkY
PubChem 7813
性質
化學式 C7H9N
摩爾質量 107.15 g·mol−1
密度 1.046 g·cm−3[1]
熔點 44—45 °C（317—318 K）[1]
沸點 200.4 °C（473.5 K）[1]
若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

合成

4-甲基苯胺可由氫氣[2]、水合肼[3]、硼氫化鈉[4]、鋁汞齊[5]等還原劑還原4-硝基甲苯得到。

 

反應

氨基的反應

4-甲基苯胺可以和醯鹵或酸酐反應得到相應醯胺，如和對甲苯磺醯氯反應，得到N-(對甲苯基)對甲苯磺醯胺[6]；和乙酸酐反應，得到N-對甲基苯基乙醯胺；[7]和酸或鹵代烴反應，得到4-甲基苯銨鹽或相應的季銨鹽；[8]和醛反應，生成氮－碳偶聯的產物，如：[9]

 

苯環的取代反應

和N-溴代丁二醯亞胺反應得到2-溴-4-甲基苯胺；[10]碘和二甲基亞碸存在時和4-氟苯硫酚在二甲基甲醯胺反應，可得到取代氨基鄰位的產物2-(4-氟苯硫基)-4-甲基苯胺；[11]和甲醛反應生成Tröger氏鹼。

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Hazardous Substances Data Bank" data were obtained from the National Library of Medicine (US). SciFinder. [2021-07-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-04-19） （英語）. 
  2. ^ Tian, Shubo; Wang, Bingxue; Gong, Wanbing; He, Zizhan; Xu, Qi; Chen, Wenxing; Zhang, Qinghua; Zhu, Youqi; Yang, Jiarui; Fu, Qiang; Chen, Chun; Bu, Yuxiang; Gu, Lin; Sun, Xiaoming; Zhao, Huijun; Wang, Dingsheng; Li, Yadong. Dual-atom Pt heterogeneous catalyst with excellent catalytic performances for the selective hydrogenation and epoxidation. Nature Communications. 2021, 12 (1). ISSN 2041-1723. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23517-x （英語）. 
  3. ^ Feng, Binbin; Xu, Qionghao; Wu, Xiaoxue; Ye, Chunlin; Fu, Yanghe; Chen, De-Li; Zhang, Fumin; Zhu, Weidong. MOF-derived N-doped carbon composites embedded with Fe/Fe3C nanoparticles as highly chemoselective and stable catalysts for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes. Applied Surface Science. 2021, 557: 149837. ISSN 0169-4332. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149837 （英語）. 
  4. ^ Krishnan, Saravanan; Patel, Paresh N.; Balasubramanian, Kalpattu K.; Chadha, Anju. Yeast supported gold nanoparticles: an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of commercially important aryl amines. New Journal of Chemistry. 2021, 45 (4): 1915–1923. ISSN 1144-0546. doi:10.1039/D0NJ04542J （英語）. 
  5. ^ Monsen, Paige J.; Luzzio, Frederick A. Applicability of aluminum amalgam to the reduction of arylnitro groups. Tetrahedron Letters. 2020, 61 (47): 152575. ISSN 0040-4039. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152575 （英語）. 
  6. ^ MacKenzie, Ian A.; Wang, Leifeng; Onuska, Nicholas P. R.; Williams, Olivia F.; Begam, Khadiza; Moran, Andrew M.; Dunietz, Barry D.; Nicewicz, David A. Discovery and characterization of an acridine radical photoreductant. Nature. 2020, 580 (7801): 76–80. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2131-1 （英語）. 
  7. ^ Govender, Hogantharanni; Mocktar, Chunderika; Koorbanally, Neil A. Synthesis and Bioactivity of Quinoline-3-carboxamide Derivatives. Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. 2018, 55 (4): 1002–1009. ISSN 0022-152X. doi:10.1002/jhet.3132 （英語）. 
  8. ^ Balybin, Alexei G.; Panov, Yuri M.; Erkhova, Ludmila V.; Lemenovskii, Dmitry A.; Krut』ko, Dmitry P. Selective Hofmann alkylation of aromatic-aliphatic diamines in the presence of carbon dioxide. Mendeleev Communications. 2019, 29 (4): 438–440. ISSN 0959-9436. doi:10.1016/j.mencom.2019.07.028 （英語）. 
  9. ^ Chen, Min-Hsien; Hsieh, Jen-Chieh; Lee, Yi-Hsien; Cheng, Chien-Hong. Controlled Synthesis of Enantioselective 1-Aminoindenes via Cobalt-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation Reaction. ACS Catalysis. 2018, 8 (10): 9364–9369. ISSN 2155-5435. doi:10.1021/acscatal.8b02566 （英語）. 
  10. ^ Appa, Rama Moorthy; Naidu, Bandameeda Ramesh; Lakshmidevi, Jangam; Vantikommu, Jyothi; Venkateswarlu, Katta. Added catalyst-free, versatile and environment beneficial bromination of (hetero)aromatics using NBS in WEPA. SN Applied Sciences. 2019, 1 (10). ISSN 2523-3963. doi:10.1007/s42452-019-1274-x （英語）. 
  11. ^ Zhao, Wenqi; Zhang, Feng; Deng, Guo-Jun. Iodine/DMSO-Promoted Selective Direct Arylthiation of Anilines with Thiols under Metal-Free Conditions. The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2020, 86 (1): 291–301. ISSN 0022-3263. doi:10.1021/acs.joc.0c02078 （英語）. 
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