量子心灵

量子心灵（Quantum mind）或量子意识（Quantum consciousness）^[1]，是一個科學猜想，认为经典物理不能解释意识的产生，而量子力学现象，如量子纠缠和量子叠加，会在大脑的运行中起到关键作用，可能是理解意识的基础。这不是一个单一理论，而是许多不同构想的集合。迄今這類理論依舊是邊緣科學，而實驗證據反對此說法。^[2]

历史

尤金·维格纳提出了量子力学与心灵活动有关的想法。他认为波函数由于与意识的相互作用而坍缩。弗里曼·戴森说：“正如能做出选择的能力所体现的那样，意识在某种程度上来说与每个电子都有内在联系。”^[3]

一些其他当代物理学家和哲学家认为这些观点不可信。^[4]维克特·斯登格（英语：Victor Stenger）认为量子意识是“应该与神，独角兽和龙相提并论”的“没有科学依据”的“谬见”。^[5]

戴维·查尔莫斯反对量子意识。他反而讨论了量子力学与二元意识的关系。查尔莫斯对任何新物理学解决知觉难题的能力持怀疑态度。實驗證據指出罗杰·彭罗斯等人的量子意識理論不太可能成立。^[2]

参见

参考资料

^ Quantum Approaches to Consciousness. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. First published Tue Nov 30, 2004; substantive revision Thu May 19, 2011 [2014-10-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-08）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Derakhshani, Maaneli; Diósi, Lajos; Laubenstein, Matthias; Piscicchia, Kristian; Curceanu, Catalina. At the crossroad of the search for spontaneous radiation and the Orch OR consciousness theory. Physics of Life Reviews. September 2022, 42: 8–14 [2024-03-29]. doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2022.05.004. （原始内容存档于2024-03-29）.
^ Dyson, Freeman. Infinite in All Directions: Gifford Lectures Given at Aberdeen, Scotland April--November 1985 1st Perennial. New York: Perennial. 2004: 297. ISBN 0060728892.
^ Searle, John R. The Mystery of Consciousness 1. New York: New York Review of Books. 1997: 53–88. ISBN 9780940322066.
^ Stenger, Victor. The Myth of Quantum Consciousness (PDF). The Humanist. 53 No 3 (May–June 1992). : 13–15 [2017-04-25]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-06-06）.

延伸阅读

Flanagan, Brian. Are Perceptual Fields Quantum Fields? （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Hodgson, David. The Mind Matters. Oxford University Press, 1993.
Koch, C. and Hepp, K., "Quantum mechanics in the brain", Nature 440, 611 (30 March 2006)
Litt et al., "Is the Brain a Quantum Computer?" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Cognitive Science (2006)
Lockwood, Michael. Mind, Brain and the Quantum. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1989.
McFadden, Johnjoe (2000) Quantum Evolution （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-255948-X; ISBN 0-00-655128-9 . Final chapter on the quantum mind.
Pharaoh, M.C. (online). Looking to quantum mechanics for a reductive explanation of the noumenon of consciousness Retrieved June.21 2008.
Schrödinger, Erwin. Mind and Matter. Cambridge University Press, 1959.
Weyl, Hermann. Mind and Nature, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1934.
Wigner, Eugene. "Physics and the Explanation of Life", in Foundations of Physics, vol. 1, 1970, pp. 34–45.

外部链接

Center for Consciousness Studies （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, directed by Stuart Hameroff
Online papers on consciousness （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Stanford Univ. Encyclopedia of Philosophy critical survey article Harald Altmanspacher (2006) Quantum Approaches to Consciousness （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
"What is an Essentially Quantum Mechanical Effect?", Osvaldo Pessoa Jr.
Quantum-Mind （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[Quantum_Approaches_to_Consciousness-1] Quantum Approaches to Consciousness. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. First published Tue Nov 30, 2004; substantive revision Thu May 19, 2011 [2014-10-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-08）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)

[Curceanuetal-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Derakhshani, Maaneli; Diósi, Lajos; Laubenstein, Matthias; Piscicchia, Kristian; Curceanu, Catalina. At the crossroad of the search for spontaneous radiation and the Orch OR consciousness theory. Physics of Life Reviews. September 2022, 42: 8–14 [2024-03-29]. doi:10.1016/j.plrev.2022.05.004. （原始内容存档于2024-03-29）.

[3] Dyson, Freeman. Infinite in All Directions: Gifford Lectures Given at Aberdeen, Scotland April--November 1985 1st Perennial. New York: Perennial. 2004: 297. ISBN 0060728892.

[4] Searle, John R. The Mystery of Consciousness 1. New York: New York Review of Books. 1997: 53–88. ISBN 9780940322066.

[5] Stenger, Victor. The Myth of Quantum Consciousness (PDF). The Humanist. 53 No 3 (May–June 1992). : 13–15 [2017-04-25]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-06-06）.

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