雪马里战斗
雪马里战斗也称临津江战役,是朝鲜战争第五次战役期间发生在临津江下游的一次战斗,交战双方为中国人民志愿军和以英国第29步兵旅为主的联合国军。
雪马里战斗 | |||||||
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朝鲜战争第五次战役的一部分 | |||||||
在雪马里战斗中被中国志愿军63军击毁的英军Centurion MK-3坦克 | |||||||
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参战方 | |||||||
指挥官与领导者 | |||||||
马修·李奇微 托马斯·布罗迪 Albert Crahay[6] Joseph Wagener[7] Dionisio S. Ojeda[8] 姜文奉[9] |
彭德怀 杨得志[10] 傅崇碧[10] 曾思玉[10] 萧应棠[10] | ||||||
参战单位 | |||||||
第1步兵师[11][12] | |||||||
伤亡与损失 | |||||||
| 15,000+ (联合国军估计)[15] | ||||||
参考文献
注释
- ^ 根据不同的史料,雪马里战斗的范围和结果存在不同的解释。根据中国的官方历史,中国第63军消灭格洛斯特郡第1营被认为是一个重要的胜利,尽管由于韩国第一步兵师的防御,使得第64军和第65军未能消灭整个英国第29独立步兵旅并攻占首尔,这是一个严重的挫折。另一方面,韩国对雪马里战斗的贡献仅被韩国官方历史记载得很少,但历史学家 Allan R. Millet 认为,在经历了1950年至1951年间的严重失败之后,韩国第一步兵师在战斗中的表现证明了韩国军队的潜力。英国方面认为,第29旅面对中国第63军做出了不可避免的牺牲,最终阻止了中国占领首尔。不管这些解释如何,历史学家张曙光和安德鲁·萨尔蒙的独立研究得出的结论是,第29旅的行动扰乱了中国的前进,足以影响朝鲜战争第五次战役的结果。[1][2][3][4][5]
引文
- ^ Chinese Military Science Academy 2000,第317–18页.
- ^ Chae, Chung & Yang 2001,第xii页.
- ^ Farrar-Hockley 1990,第136页.
- ^ Salmon 2009,第317页.
- ^ Zhang 1995,第149–50页.
- ^ Villahermosa 2009,第125页.
- ^ Belgians Can Do Too! The Belgian-Luxembourg Battalion in the Korean War, Brussels: Museum of the Army and of Military History: 42, 2010, ISBN 978-2-87051-050-6
- ^ Villahermosa 2009,第104页.
- ^ Paik 1992,第138页.
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Chinese Military Science Academy 2000,第375页
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Chinese Military Science Academy 2000,第312–13页
- ^ Chae, Chung & Yang 2001,第613页.
- ^ Salmon 2009,第129页.
- ^ Salmon 2009,第262页.
- ^ Millett 2010,第434, 441页,Excerpt reads: "Despite [a low estimate of] 30,000 casualties, most of them in the 19th Army Group on the approaches to Seoul, Peng Dehuai could not call off the ill considered offensive that he had never believed would be successful.".
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