維基百科

穀米螺科

新腹足目的一科软体动物

穀米螺科（學名：Marginellidae）是新腹足目下一個腹足綱軟體動物的科。其物種體型細小，在新腹足目物種當中甚至是最細小的一類[2]；不過色彩卻很豐富。除兩個淡水物種以後，其餘皆為海洋物種。

穀米螺科
A live individual of Marginella mosaica（英語：Marginella mosaica）, head end towards the right
科學分類 編輯
界： 動物界 Animalia
門： 軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱： 腹足綱 Gastropoda
亞綱： 新進腹足亞綱 Caenogastropoda
目： 新腹足目 Neogastropoda
總科： 渦螺總科 Volutoidea
科： 穀米螺科 Marginellidae
J. Fleming（英語：John Fleming (naturalist)）, 1828
屬

見正文

多樣性[1]
除兩個淡水物種以後，其餘皆為海洋物種。
異名

見內文

分類學

長久以來，本科物種的分類都在混亂狀態：不少流行出版物依然把本科所有物種全歸類到穀米螺屬去，因為牠們從其螺殼來看，至少表面來看很相似。

分類上的混亂源於這樣一個事實：早期的分類相當粗略地基於螺殼的特徵。儘管該組中確實存在許多可用來分辨不同物種的良好螺殼特徵，但這些特徵通常被誤解或不被認為是重要的。活體動物齒舌和外部解剖結構上確實存在的此類資訊廣泛散佈在科學文獻中，而內部解剖學描述直到最近才出現。

2019年，一項對於穀米螺科及Cystiscidae科物種（即俗稱的「類穀米螺物種」，marginelliform）的分子生物學研究為本科物種間的關係重新建立系統發生樹；這項由Fedosov A.E., Caballer Gutierrez M., Buge B., Sorokin P.V., Puillandre N., Bouchet P.共同進行的研究還確立了穀米螺科跟渦螺科（Volutidae）、Cystiscidae（英語：Cystiscidae）（舊屬吸螺目[3]）及Marginellonidae（英語：Marginellonidae）的關係較為密切，應合組成為渦螺總科（Volutoidea）[2]。在較舊的分類，本科被歸入到骨螺總科[4]。

形態描述

穀米螺科物種的螺殼通常很小，但依不同物種的殼大小不同，從微小到中等大小不等。

螺殼外部的顏色可以是白色、奶油色、黃色、橙色、紅色或棕色，並且可以是均勻的顏色，也可以形成各種圖案。胎殼（英語：protoconch）是少螺旋的。殼唇較厚，可以是光滑的，也可以是有小齒的。縱張肋可以存在或不存在，虹吸切跡可以存在或不存在。小柱可能有 2-6 個褶皺。本科物種沒有螺厴。

下屬分類

亞科地位未定

異名

  • Granulininae G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995: synonym of Granulinidae（英語：Granulinidae） G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995 (original rank)
  • Marginelloninae Coan, 1965: synonym of Marginellonidae（英語：Marginellonidae） Coan, 1965 (original rank)
  • Carinaginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Alaginella（英語：Alaginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Cassoginella Laseron, 1957 †: synonym of Alaginella（英語：Alaginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Deviginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella（英語：Mesoginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Haloginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Serrata（英語：Serrata (gastropod)） Jousseaume, 1875
  • Neptoginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Hydroginella（英語：Hydroginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Pillarginella Gabriel, 1962: synonym of Hydroginella（英語：Hydroginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Plicaginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Austroginella（英語：Austroginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Serrataginella G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995: synonym of Serrata（英語：Serrata (gastropod)） Jousseaume, 1875
  • Sinuginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella（英語：Mesoginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Spiroginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella（英語：Mesoginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Triginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Alaginella（英語：Alaginella） Laseron, 1957
  • Cucumis "Klein": synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799 (unavailable name)
  • Faba P. Fischer, 1883: synonym of 印堂穴 Swainson, 1840 (objective synonym of Glabella)
  • Longinella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Dentimargo（英語：Dentimargo） Cossmann, 1899 (preoccupied by Longinella Gros & Lestage, 1927 [Ephemeroptera])
  • Marginellarius Duméril, 1805: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799
  • Marginellus Montfort, 1810: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799 (unjustified emendation of Marginella)
  • Porcellana Gray, 1847: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799 (invalid: junior homonym of Porcellana Lamarck, 1801 [Crustacea])
  • Pseudomarginella Maltzan, 1880: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799
  • Volvarinella Habe, 1951: synonym of Dentimargo（英語：Dentimargo） Cossmann, 1899
  • Egouana: synonym of Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum（英語：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852 (invalid: incorrect alternative original spelling)
  • Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum（英語：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852
  • Gibberulina Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Bullata（英語：Bullata） Jousseaume, 1875
  • Leptegouana Woodring, 1928: synonym of Prunum（英語：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852
  • Porcellanella Conrad, 1863 †: synonym of Prunum（英語：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852 ( invalid: junior homonym of Porcellanella White, 1852 [Crustacea].)
  • Volutella Swainson, 1831: synonym of Bullata（英語：Bullata） Jousseaume, 1875 (invalid: junior homonym of Volutella Perry, 1810 [Vasidae])

參考文獻

  1. ^ Strong, E. E.; Gargominy, O.; Ponder, W. F.; Bouchet, P. Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater. Hydrobiologia（英語：Hydrobiologia）. 2008, 595: 149–166. doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6. hdl:10088/7390 （英語）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Fedosov, Alexander E.; Caballer Gutierrez, Manuel; Buge, Barbara; Sorokin, Pavel V.; Puillandre, Nicolas; Bouchet, Philippe. Mapping the missing branch on the neogastropod tree of life: Molecular phylogeny of marginelliform gastropods. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 2019, 85 (4): 439–451. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyz028. 
  3. ^ 国际贝库：Cystiscus angasi. 台灣貝類資料庫. [2024-08-06]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04） （中文（繁體））. 
  4. ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814. 

延伸閱讀

  • Adams, Henry and Arthur Adams 1853. In: 1853-1858. The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. John van Voorst, London. 3 vols [1:vi-xl, 1-484; 2:1-661; 3:pls. 1-138].
  • Barnard, Keppel Harcourt
1962. A new genus in the family Marginellidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 35(1):14-15.
1963. The family position of Afrivoluta pringlei Tomlin. The Journal of Conchology 25(5):198-199.
  • Clover, Philip 1974. A new species of Cypraea from West Africa and three new species of Marginellidae from the Indian Ocean. The Journal of Conchology 28(4):213-216, pl.8.
  • Coan, Eugene 1965. A proposed reclassification of the family Marginellidae. The Veliger 7(3):184-189
  • Coan, Eugene and Barry Roth
1966. The West American Marginellidae. The Veliger 8(4): 276-299, pls. 48-51.
1976. Status of the genus Hyalina Schumacher, 1817 (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Journal of Moluccan Studies 42(2):217-222.
  • Cooke, Alfred Hands 1922. On the pseudo-genus Pseudomarginella, v. Maltzan. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London15(1):3-5.
  • Coomans, H. E.
1969a. On the identity of Criptospira glauca and the related Cryptospira ventricosa, (Gastropoda: Marginellidae). Basteria 33(5-6):85-92.
1969b. Notes om Marginella spryi. Basteria 39(1-2):23-27.
1975. Marginella orstomi. A new species from deeper water off the coast of West Africa (gastropoda, Marginellidae). Bulletin Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit von Amsterdam vol.4 No.12
  • Coomans, H. E. and Philip Clover 1972. The genus Rivomarginella (Gastropoda, Marginellidae). Beaufortia 20(263):69-75.
  • Coovert, Gary A.
1986a. Type species list. Marginella Marginalia 1(1):1-3.
1986b. Generic group names. Marginella Marginalia 1(2):5-7.
1987a. The genus Afrivoluta and a review of the type species Afrivoluta pringlei Tomlin, 1947. Marginella Marginalia 2(1):1-8.
1987b. Addenda to Afrivoluta paper. Marginella Marginalia 2(6):39
1987c. Propor usage of the generic names Haloginella, Hyalina, and Volvarina with a diagnosis of the genus Haloginella. Marginella Marginalia 3(1):1-7
1987d. The external anatomy of two species of Caribbean Marginellidae. Marginella Marginalia 3(5):33-37.
1988a. Type species of the genera Austroginella and Mesoginella and their synonyms. Marginella Marginalia 4(2/3):9-26.
1988b. Marginellidae of Florida, Part II. Prunum succinea with a discussion of Prunum and Volvarina. Marginella Marginalia 4(5)_35-42, pl. 1.
  • Cossmann, Alexandre Édouard Maurice 1899. Essaid e paléonconchologie comparée. Cossmann, Paris. Vol. 3, 201 p., pls. 1-8.
  • Fischer, Paul 1883 . In: 1880-1887. Manuel de conchyologie et de paléontologie conchyologique ou histoire naturelle des mollusques vivantes et fossiles. Libraire F. Savy, Paris. Vol. 2(fascicule 6):513-608, 1883.
  • Gofas, Serge 1989. Le genre Volvarina (Marginellidae) dans la Mediterranée et l´Atlantique du nord est. Bolletino Malacologico 25(5-8):159-182.
  • Gofas, Serge and Francisco Fernandes
1988. The marginellids of São Tomé, West Africa. Journal of Conchology 33(1):1-30, pls. 1-2.
1992. The Marginellidae of Angola: The genus Volvarina. The Journal of Conchology 34(4):187-198
1994. The Marginellidae of Angola: The genus Marginella. Journal of Conchology 35:103-119
  • Gray, John Edward 1847. A list of the genera of Recent Mollusac, their synonyma and types. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1847 pt.15[=17]:129-219.
  • Harasewych, M. G. and Y. I. Kantor 1991. Rediscovery of Marginellona gigas (Martens, 1904), with notes on the anatomy and systematic position on the subfamily Marginelloninae (Gastropoda: Marginellidae). Nemouria（英語：Nemouria） 37:1-19.
  • Hinds, Richard Brinsley 1844. Descriptions of Marginellae collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur, and from the collection of Mr. Cuming. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1844 pt. 12[= vol. 14].72-77.
  • Jousseaume, Felix P. 1875. Coquilles de la famille des marginelles. Monographie. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, ser.3, 3:164-271, 429-435, pls. 7-8. [Also issued separately, pp. 1–115, pls. 7-8].
  • Laseron, Charles F. 1957. A new classification of the Australian Marginellidae (Mollusca), with a review of species from the Solanderian and Dampierian zoogeographical provinces. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8(3):274-311.
  • Redfield, John H.
1852. Description of new species of Marginella, with notes on sundry species of Marginella and Cypraea. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History in New York 5:224-228.
1870. Catalogue of the known species, recent and fossil, of the family Marginellidae. American Journal of Concholoigy 6(2):215-269.
  • Reeve, Lovell Augustus 1864-1865. Monograph of the genus Marginella. In; Chonchologia Iconica: or illustration of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 15, pls. 2-13 [Aug. 1864], pls. 1,14-27, index, errata [Jan. 1865].
  • Sohl, N. F. 1963. New gastropod genera from the late Upper Cretaceous of East Gulf Coastal * Sowerby, George Brettingham II 1846. Monograph of the genus Marginella. In: Thesaurus Conchyliorum, or figures and descriptions of Recent Shells. Sowerby, London. Vol 1(7):239-406, pls.68-78.
  • The Academy of Natural Sciences （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. A Database of Western Atlantic Marine Mollusca
  • Thiele, Johannes 1904. Pt. B, Anatomisch-systematische untersuchungen einiger Gastropoden, pp. 147–180, pls. 6-9. In: Martens and Thiele. Die beschalten Gastropoden der deutscen Tiefsee-Expedition 1898-1899.
  • Tomlin, John Reed le Brockton 1947. A new South African volutid. The Journal of Conchology 22(10):244-245
  • Weinkauff, Henrich Conrad 1878-1879. Die gattungen Marginella und Erato In: Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Cheminitz. 2nd ed. Bauer and Raspe, Nürnberg. Vol. 5(4):1-166, pls. 1-26.

外部連結

 
維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：穀米螺科
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