苦瓜屬
葫芦科的一属植物
苦瓜屬(學名:Momordica)是葫蘆科下的一個屬,為一年生或多年生藤本植物。該屬共有約50種,分佈於熱帶、亞熱帶地區。[1][2]
苦瓜屬 | |
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新加坡種植白玉苦瓜 | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 維管束植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真雙子葉植物 Eudicots |
演化支: | 薔薇類植物 Rosids |
目: | 葫蘆目 Cucurbitales |
科: | 葫蘆科 Cucurbitaceae |
亞科: | 葫蘆亞科 Cucurbitoideae |
族: | 苦瓜族 Momordiceae |
屬: | 苦瓜屬 Momordica L., 1753 |
模式種 | |
苦瓜 Momordica charantia L., 1753
| |
多樣性[1] | |
約50種 |
苦瓜通常也指綠色的長型苦瓜,其他也可能包括白玉苦瓜、長白苦瓜、山苦瓜、黑苦瓜等等。
屬名Momordica來源於拉丁語momordi,意為「咬」,指果實種子成齧齒狀。
分類
本屬屬於葫蘆亞科,獨自歸類於苦瓜族,受承認的物種約有50個左右,如下[1]:
- 安哥拉苦瓜 Momordica angolensis R.Fern.
- Momordica angustisepala Harms
- Momordica anigosantha Hook.f.
- Momordica argillicola Thulin
- 膠苦瓜 Momordica balsamina L.
- Momordica boivinii Baill.
- Momordica cabrae (Cogn.) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica calantha Gilg
- Momordica camerounensis Keraudren
- Momordica cardiospermoides Klotzsch
- 苦瓜 Momordica charantia L.
- Momordica cissoides Planch. ex Cogn.
- Momordica clarkeana King
- 木鱉果 Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng.
- Momordica cordata Cogn.
- Momordica corymbifera Hook.f.
- Momordica cymbalaria Fenzl ex Naudin
- Momordica denticulata Miq.
- Momordica denudata (Thwaites) C.B.Clarke
- 雲南木鱉 Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd.
- Momordica dissecta Baker
- Momordica enneaphylla Cogn.
- Momordica foetida Schumach.
- Momordica friesiorum (Harms) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica gilgiana Cogn.
- Momordica glabra Zimm.
- Momordica henriquesii Cogn.
- Momordica humilis (Cogn.) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica jeffreyana Keraudren
- Momordica kirkii (Hook.f.) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica leiocarpa Gilg
- Momordica littorea Thulin
- Momordica macrosperma (Cogn.) Chiov.
- Momordica mossambica H.Schaef.
- Momordica multiflora Hook.f.
- Momordica obtusisepala Keraudren
- Momordica parvifolia Cogn.
- Momordica peteri Zimm.
- Momordica pterocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Momordica racemiflora Cogn.
- Momordica repens Bremek.
- Momordica rostrata Zimm.
- Momordica sahyadrica Kattuk. & V.T.Antony
- Momordica sessilifolia Cogn.
- Momordica silvatica Jongkind
- Momordica spinosa (Gilg) Chiov.
- 凹萼木鱉 Momordica subangulata Blume
- Momordica trifolia L.
- Momordica trifoliolata Hook.f.
- Momordica welwitschii Hook.f.
參考文獻
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Momordica L.. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. [2020-12-05]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-11) (英語).
- ^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. (原始內容存檔於2012-04-11).